DENSMORE] MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF PLANTS 299 
List or PLANTS ARRANGED AccorDING TO Native NAME—Continued 
Native name | Common name Native name Common name 
— | = 
Winabojo’ noko’mis | Painted-cup. ek cbc teed 8) 3 Te ee ae SE | Burdock. 
wi'nizisin’. | | Wi'stgi’mitigo’mic______ Bitter oak. 
Wi'nibidja’bibaga’no____| Chickweed. | Wi’sugidji’bik_______ _-| Culver’s root. 
Wini’sibaigons’______ _| Wintergreen. ieZia(ed bee se ==— - __| False nettle. 
Wini’stk6ns=- 0 o2- ee Aster. |) Zi’eini’ce--_- 2 - Harebell. 
| 
An investigation was made to determine whether the plants used 
medicinally by the Chippewa have a recognized use by the white 
race. Two reports on this subject were courteously prepared by Dr. 
W. W. Stockberger, physiologist in charge of drug, poisonous and 
oil plant investigations, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States 
Department of Agriculture. The first report shows the medicinal 
properties of such plants and the second report shows the principal 
active medicinal constituents of these plants. 
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF PLANTS USED BY THE 
CHIPPEWA 
The following 69 plants used by the Chippewa are regarded as 
medicinal by white people, although opinion as to their therapeutic 
value varies greatly. The few species now officially recognized in 
the latest editions of the United States Pharmacopoeia and the Na- 
tional Formulary are designated in the text by the abbreviations 
U.S. P. IX and N. F. 4, respectively. Species recognized in the 
eighth revision of the United States Pharmacopoeia but no longer 
official are indicated by U. S. P. VIII. 
The remaining species, some of which were recognized in the 
earlier Pharmacopoeias, have long been used either in medicine as 
practiced by certain physicians or as domestic remedies. 
Abies balsamea (l.) Mill. Balsam. Pinacear. Pine family. 
Canada balsam, a liquid oleoresin obtained from this tree, is stimulant, 
diuretic, occasionally diaphoretic and externally rubefacient. U. 8S. P. VIII. 
Achillea millefolium L. Yarrow, Milfoil. Compositrar. Composite family. 
The plant is slightly astringent and has been used as an alterative, diuretic, 
and as a stimulant tonic. 
Acorus calamus L. Sweetflag, calamus. ARAcEAE. Arum family. 
The rhizome has been employed as an aromatic stimulant and tonic. U.S. P. 
VIII. 
Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Red baneberry. RANUNCULACEAE. Crowfoot family. 
The rhizome is said to be emeto-purgative and parasiticide. 
Alnus incana (.) Moench. Speckled alder. FAGAckEAr. Beech family. 
The bark is alterative, astringent, and emetic. 
