300 USES OF PLANTS BY THE CHIPPEWA INDIANS [ETH. ANN. 44 
Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Spreading dogbane. ApocyNACEAE. Dogbane 
family. 
The root is diuretic, sudorific, emetic, cathartic, and anthelmintic. U. 8. P. 
VIII. 
Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild sarsaparilla, ARALIACEAE, Ginseng family. 
The roots have been used for their gently stimulant, diaphoretic, and alter- 
ative action. 
Aralia racemosa lL. Spikenard. ARALIACEAE. Ginseng family. 
The root is alterative, stimulant, and diaphoretic. 
Arctium minus Bernh. Burdock. CompostraAr. Composite family. 
The root is diuretic, diaphoretic, and alterative. U. 8. P. VIII. 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Bearberry. ErtcAckAr. Heath family. 
The leaves have mild and slightly antiseptic diuretic properties. U.S. P. IX. 
Arisaema triphyllum (.) Torr. Jack-in-the-pulpit. Aracear. Arum family. 
Mentioned in unofficial part of United States and King’s Dispensatories. 
Artemisia absinthium lL. Wormwood. Compostrar. Composite family. 
The leaves and flowering tops are tonic, stomachic, stimulant, febrifuge, and 
anthelmintic. 
Artemisia dracunculoides Pursh. Fuzzy-weed. Compostrar. Composite family. 
The plant acts as a topical irritant and diaphoretic. 
Asarum canadense L. Wild ginger. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. Birthwort family. 
The rhizome and roots are used as a carminative agent and flavor. N. F. 4. 
Asclepias incarnata L. Swamp milkweed. ASCLEPIADACEAE. Milkweed family. 
The root is alterative, anthelmintic, cathartic, and emetic. 
Asclepias syriacaL.. Milkweed. ASCLEPIADACEAE. Milkweed family. 
The root is tonic, diuretic, alterative, emmenagogue, purgative, and emetic. 
Athyrium filix-foemina (.) Roth. Lady fern. PotypoprackAr. Fern family. 
Reputed tuenicide and formerly so used. é 
Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.) Britton. Shepherd’s Purse. Cructrerar. Mustard 
family. 
This plant was formerly thought to be antiscorbutic. 
Caltha palustris L. Marsh marigold. RANUNCULACEAE. Crowfoot family. 
The plant has been popularly used in the treatment of coughs. 
Caulophyllim thalictroides (.) Michx. Blue Cohosh. BERBERIDACEAE. Bar- 
bery family. 
The rhizome and roots are said to be sedative, diuretic, and emmenagogue. 
N. F. 4. 
Celastrus scandens L. Bittersweet. CELASTRACEAE. Staff tree family. 
The bark is said to be emetic, diaphoretic, and alterative. 
Cirsium sp. CompostTan. Composite family. 
The related species Cirsium arvense is said to be tonic, diuretic, and astrin- 
gent. 
Cornus alternifolia L. f. Blue or purple dogwood. CorNnAcEAr. Dogwood 
family. 
The bark of the root of the related species, Cornus florida, is a feeble, astrin- 
gent tonic. 
Cypripedium hirsutum Mill. Showy ladyslipper. Orcuipacear, Orchis family. 
The rhizome and roots have been described as tonic, stimulant, and diapho- 
retic. N. F. 4. 
