DENSMORD] MEDICINAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLANTS 303 
Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake. Snowberry. CAprIFOLIACEAE. Honeysuckle 
family. 
The root is alterative and tonic. 
Tanacetum vulgare L. Tansy. Compostrar. Composite family. 
The leaves and tops are tonic, emmenagogue and diaphoretic. 
Taraxacum officinale Weber. Dandelion. Composirar. Composite family. 
The rhizome and roots are used as a bitter tonic and as a mild laxative. 
WG Sh 125g BS 
Thuja occidentalis L. Arborvitae. PINacEAr. Pine family. 
An extract prepared from the leafy young twigs has been recommended as a 
febrifuge, expectorant, and anthelmintic. N. F. 4. 
Trillium grandifiorum (Michx.) Salisb. Litrackar. Lily family. 
The rhizome has been used as an astringent and tonic expectorant. 
Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. Hemlock. Prnackar. Pine family. 
Canada pitch obtained from this tree is a gentle rubefacient. 
Urtica gracilis Ait. Nettle. Urricacran. Nettle family. 
Several related species of nettle have been used in medicine as local irritants 
and as diuretics. 
Viburnum acerifolium lL. Arrow-wood. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Honeysuckle family. 
The bark was formerly used as an astringent. 
Zanthorylum americanum Mill. Prickly ash. Rurackar. Rue family. 
The bark is sialagogue, stimulant, alterative, and emetic. U.S. P. IX. 
PRINCIPAL ACTIVE MEDICINAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLANTS USED 
BY THE CHIPPEWA 
Abies balsamea. Constituents: A true turpentine consisting of 24 parts essen- 
tial oil and 60 parts resin. By fractional distillation the oil has been resolved 
into bornyl or terpinyl acetate, pinene, and a fragrant oil resembling oil of 
lemon. 
Achillea millefolium. Constituents: A blue volatile oil containing cineol and a 
bitter principle, achillein. 
Acorus calamus. Constituents: The rhizome yields a volatile oil which has the 
composition of a terpene. 
Actaea rubra. Constituents: Two resins which have a physiological action 
resembling that of the active principles of Cimicifuga and Helleborus. 
Alnus incana. Constituents: Tannin, volatile oil, and resins. 
Apocynum androsaemifolium. Constituents: Resins, caoutchouc, a volatile oil, 
and a bitter principle consisting of the glucosides apocynamarin, apocynein, 
androsin, and the glyceride androsterin. 
Aralia nudicaulis. Constituents: An acrid resin, and araliin, a yellowish 
glucoside. 
Aralia racemosa. Constituents: Same as A. nudicaulis. 
Arctium minus. Constituents: Inulin, sugar, volatile oil, and a bitter glucoside. 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. Constituents: Tannic acid, gallic acid, gum, resin, 
urson, arbutin, and ericolin. 
Artemisia absinthium. Constituents: A volatile oil and absinthin, a bitter 
principle. 
Artemisia dracunculoides. Constituents: (7?) 
Asarum canadense. Constituents: A phenol C,H..O:, pinene, a blue oil, a lactone, 
palmitic acid, acetic acid, and a mixture of fatty acids and oleoresin. 
