DENSMORE] PLANTS USED IN DYES 371 
Seconp FoRMULA 
Lithospermum carolinense (Walt) MacM. Puccoon. Nine inches of the 
dried root or an equivalent amount of the pulverized root. 
Hot water, 1 quart. 
Ochre, 1 teaspoonful. 
Directions —\f this is being used for dyeing porcupine quills, 
let it boil up a little, then put in the quills, which have previously 
stood for a while in hot water. Let the quills boil half an hour to 
an hour, keeping the kettle covered, then remove from the fire and 
let the quills stand in the dye for several hours. If they are not 
bright enough they may be redyed, letting them stand in the dye as 
before. The process is substantially the same in dyeing other 
materials. 
THIRD ForRMULA 
This formula was used by Mrs. Razer in dyeing porcupine quills 
for the writer, the result being a brilliant scarlet which closely re- 
sembled analine dye. The quills were seen in the dye. 
Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot. 2 handfuls. Root. 
Prunus americana Marsh. Wild plum. 1 handful. 
Cornus stolonifera Michx, Red-osier dogwood. 1 handful. 
Alnus incana (L.) Moench. Alder. 1 handful. 
Hot water, 1 quart. 
The inner bark of the trees and the root of the bloodroot were 
used, all being boiled before the quills were put in the dye. 
FourtH ForMULA (Dark RED) 
Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot. 1 handful. Root. 
Prunus americana Marsh. Wild plum. 1 handful, 
Hot water, 1 quart. 
FirtH ForRMULA (MAHOGANY COLOR) 
Tsuga canadensis (l.) Carr. Hemlock. Bark. 
A little grindstone dust. 
Hot water. 
SrxtH FormvuLta (ManoGany CoLor) 
Juniperus virginiana L. Red cedar. 
The bark of this tree was used by Chippewa women in Ontario 
for coloring the strips of cedar used in their mats. A decoction was 
made of the dark red inner bark and the strips were boiled in it. 
SEVENTH FORMULA 
The following formula was used by Mrs. Razer in coloring pieces 
of white blanket for the writer. The resultant color was a pretty 
