DENSMORH] PLANTS USED IN ARTS 377 
PLANTS IN USEFUL AND DECORATIVE ARTS 
The collection of every tree and plant that entered into the 
economic life of the Chippewa is not necessary to the present under- 
taking. The following list is representative, and the familiar quality 
of many materials is suggestive of their use. Thus, the maple, oak, 
ash, basswood, ironwood, and pine are so manifestly adapted for the 
making of household articles, snowshoe frames, sleds, etc., that a 
detailed account of their use is unnecessary. Brief notations are 
therefore given concerning the more familiar trees and plants, espe- 
cially noting the uses which are peculiar to the Indians. 
List oF PLANTS IN USEFUL AND DECORATIVE ARTS 
Botanical name Common name Use 
Acer saccharum Marsh-_---~-- Maple______-___.__-_| Paddles for stirring maple 
sap, ete. 
Allium stellatum Ker__-_____ Wild onion________| Toys. 
Arctium minus Bernh___---_-| Burdock ___-__-___ Leaves for head covering. 
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) | Bearberry—_______ Smoking. 
Spreng. 
Betula papyrifera Marsh____| White birch_______| Utensils, coverings for dwell- 
ings, patterns for work in 
decorative art. 
BowistagpilasbanduG! ye dee ee 2 ates ee eee Paint for the dead. 
Cicuta maculata, b____.____ Poison hemlock___| Seeds mixed with tobacco 
and smoked. 
Clintonia borealis Ait______- Clintonia__________| Patterns bitten in leaves for 
entertainment. 
Cornus rugosa Lam_______- =|) Dopwoodes_ 22 =25- | Smoking. 
Cornus stolonifera Michx____| Red-osier dogwood Do. 
Corylus americana Walt_____ SEV Aly a= Soe oee | Drumming sticks, etc. 
Corylus rostrata Ait_______- eens Do. 
Crataequsispl. =23" 22 Se Thornapple_______ Thorns used as awls. 
Dieranum bonjeanii De Not_| Woodmoss________} Absorbent. 
Equisetum hiemale L______- Scouring rush_____ Scouring. 
Rraxinusispee- ese ee tek Ash______-_-______| Making of snowshoe frames, 
sleds, ete. 
Fraxinus nigra Marsh ______ Biaclavash aes Bark used in covering wig- 
wams. 
Hicoria alba (L.) Britton____| Hickory____._____- Bows, ete. 
Juniperus virginiana L______ Red! cedar 52 5 Mats, ete. 
Larix laricina (Du Roi) | Tamarack________ Roots in weaving bags, ete. 
Koch. 
Lithospermum carolinense | Puccoon___________| Face paint. 
(Walt) MacM. | 
Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) | Ironwood__________| Frames for dwelling, ete. 
Koch. 
Picea rubra (Du Roi) Dietr_| Spruce____________| Gum used in making pitch, 
J roots in sewing canoes, etc. 
55231 °—28——_25 
