rowkE] MOUNDS IN ALABAMA 461 
was not extended and that the head was east. The lower jaw con- 
tained only the five front teeth, all the others having been destroyed 
by disease, which had also wasted the bone to half its normal size. 
(Pl. 88, a.) Apparently the individual had recovered, such of the 
bone as was left being solid and smooth. The sockets of the missing 
teeth were entirely obliterated. 
Eight feet in was a grave dug about a foot into the red clay sub- 
soil. The bottom was irregular, as if it had been dug with stone 
spades; the margin was fairly smooth. At the south end was a skull, 
crushed into small pieces which held together in a mass as if they 
had been cemented. The few remaining pieces of the upper body, 
as well as the pelvis and lower extremities, were corroded as if they 
had been subjected to treatment with acids, and appeared to be petri- 
fied. All these remains were covered with a few inches of mixed 
earth, on which lay the closely folded skeleton of a large adult; the 
femur was 171% inches long. Only the lower limbs of this superposed 
body lay in the grave; the pelvis was near the center, the knees 
against the north end. No bones of the body were found. The skull 
was beyond, outside of, the north end of the grave. Where the cervi- 
cal vertebrae should have been were found 24 shell beads, drilled 
lengthwise. As these were almost crumbling there may have been 
more originally. There was also a hatchet 6 inches long, with the top 
broken off perhaps another inch. On each side of the skull was a 
spade, one 1114 by 4 inches (pl. 82, d), the other 16144 by 5 inches 
(pl. 82, 5). 
Loose in the earth, 3 feet above the last skeleton, were many small 
fragments of conch shell. 
Less than 3 feet east of the grave just mentioned was an extended 
skeleton, on back, head east. Some of the bones were in fair con- 
dition except for the disintegrated joints. A few of those belong- 
ing to the upper part of the body seemed to have been burned, though 
this appearance may be due to other causes. With these exceptions, 
all the bones were in their natural condition. Near the pelvis were 
24 shell beads, half cylindrical, drilled lengthwise. At the neck 
were 40 or 50 copper beads, still retaining portions of the string 
which had held them; it was made from the fiber of some stringy- 
barked plant. (Pl. 78, e.) These beads were of rolled sheet copper, 
most of them very short, though some were nearly an inch long. 
By them was a shell disk 3 inches across with a central perfora- 
tion three-fourths inch diameter. (Pl. 81, 6.) With the shell beads 
Was a piece of galena about a pound in weight, which had been 
ground and rubbed smooth over almost its entire surface. 
Two feet up, 12 feet in, was a trace of a baby’s skull. Two cylin- 
drical shell beads were with it; probably others had decayed. 
