528 ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS—II [BTH. ANN, 44 
field, on the same farm, is a shelter cave under a bluff of subcarbonif- 
erous sandstone. The roof and wall in places still show the effects 
of heat and smoke. Many chips are in, or on, the dust of the floor; 
and it is said that when the site was first known one “could not see 
the ground for the flint.” There is a good, never-failing spring at 
one end of the cave, and the hogs have resorted to the spot ever since 
the country was settled. The mud they have carried in, added to 
the sand falling from the roof, has filled the floor to a much higher 
level than it formerly had. 
On Borden’s farm, a mile directly east of Leavenworth, much flint 
occurs in strata or laminae of varying thickness, from a small frac- 
tion of an inch up to 6 inches; occasionally it will increase, in a 
flattened nodular form, to 10 or 12 inches. It weathers out of the 
limestone in angular fragments which shatter under a blow, conse- 
quently was not sought for arrow making. It has a vertical range 
of 25 or 30 feet. At only one place is there any evidence of work; 
where a seam crops out in a ravine the flint has been hammered off 
to a slight extent; and on a little knoll near by are a few spalls and 
chips. 
Opposite Leavenworth, on the Kentucky side of the river, a few 
nodules occur in the limestone; but they are of different character 
from the nodules used so abundantly, and do not come out of the 
matrix entire, shattering from effects of weathering. 
A small amount of flint occurs in the limestone at the mouth 
of Potato Run, 214 miles above Leavenworth; the same remarks 
apply as to the last mentioned. 
There is a small workshop on the river bank at the mouth of 
Potato Run; chips are abundant over one-fourth of an acre, though 
none of them seem to be of the flint found near by. There is 
another workshop on the right bank of Big Blue River, about 300 
yards above its mouth; flakes show abundantly when the ground is 
plowed. 
In all the river bottoms, and especially on the shores where the 
banks have caved in and the earth washed away, for several miles 
up and down the river from Leavenworth, flint chippings are very 
plentiful. 
WYANDOTTE CAVE 
Much flint, both stratified and nodular, is found in Wyandotte 
Cave. Owing to pressure of the rock above it, the former fractures 
naturally at right angles to the stratification, the fragments vary- 
ing from small thin flakes to pieces as large as a brick. Most of 
it is about 3 inches thick and its form of fracture gave rise to the 
belief, so often published, that the Indians dressed it into blocks 
