52 ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA [eth. ANN. le 



From Galena clown, low shores and islands as on the Tanana. as 

 far as can be seen, with mountains, grayish blue, in far distance 

 (and only occasional glimpses). River never less than three-fourths 

 of a mile and sometimes together with its sloughs and islands several 

 miles broad. Some geese; occasional rabbit seen on land; otherwise 

 but little life. First gulls. 



The Indians at Ruby and Galena show here and there an Eskimoid 

 type, with the younger nearly all mix bloods (with whites). Full 

 bloods of same type as all along the river, brachycephalic, low to 

 moderate high vault of head, moderate to medium (rarely above) 

 stature, medium brown, noses not prominent, concavo-convex, moder- 

 ately convex or nearly straight, Indian cast of the face, but quite a 

 few more or less Eskimoid. Not very bright. 



Sit in the bottom of the scow, in front, before the stove and make 

 notes. When we stop, jump out to tie the boat; when leaving, push 

 it off. Getting sunburnt dark. Forgetting once again that I have 

 a stomach or any other organ. Only sleep, never fulty, much less 

 than ought to; but even that is somehow much more bearable here 

 than it would be at home. 



6.45 p. m. Suddenly, after a turn, confronted with a steep rocky 

 promontory about 500 feet high — stratified mud rocks. On side, 

 high above, a tall white cross; learn later an Indian murdered a 

 bishop here. A little farther, on a flat below the slope, a small settle- 

 ment. A remarkable landmark, known as the Bishop's Rock. After- 

 wards again flats, but some more elevated than before to the left. 

 River like a great looking-glass. Same character of vegetation and 

 colors as farther above, but details varied. 



At Ruby had made a genuine, effective. Alaska mosquito netting, 

 and so now feel quite independent of the pest ; also have two bottles 

 of mosquito oil, which helps. Forunately on the water we are not 

 bothered. 



Toward night reach Koyukuk River, and later on, Koyukuk village, 

 a pleasant row of houses, white and native, on a high bank. Here, 

 at last, pass one good night, sleeping under good mosquito netting 

 in the house and on the bed of an Italian trader. Also had good sup- 

 per of salmon, and good breakfast of bacon and eggs, and so feel 

 rested and strong. 



Friday, June 25. But in the morning the sky is overcast and every 

 now and then there is a loose shower. Of course my boon companions 

 are not ready again until long after 9 o'clock, and then the engine will 

 not go again, so a longer delay. They were inclined, in fact, to 

 " lay over," but I urged them on. But they are determined if it rains 

 a bit more to " tie to " somewhere. Fortunately there is no wind. 

 About 3 miles below Koyukuk and its flats, the high bluffs with 



