72 ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA [eth. ann. 46 



We pass by the lower end of the ''32 kashim " slough — no sign of 

 any site— all recently made flats. If there is anything left of the old 

 sites it must be at the foot of the hills, or has been covered with silt. 

 The site is so favorable that in all probability there was once there 

 a good-sized settlement, but due to river action and the jungle it 

 could not be located. Mr. Betsch visited the place that day, and again 

 with some old natives on another occasion, without being more 

 fortunate. 



Cloud}', slightly drizzly day, no trace of sun, mists over the tops of 

 the hills. Could not stand it in the boat, so sitting on my box on 

 the roof of the boat, wrapped, due to the cold, in a blanket. 



A little below the " 32 kashim " slough a small stream enters from 

 inland — a place to be examined; but this boat can not stop for such 

 o purpose. 



A half mile or so farther down a few graves and crosses, with 

 remnants of a native habitation. 



Over 3 miles down, just beyond first bluff, fine site, with low hills 

 stretching far beyond it — now but a few empty, half-ruined native 

 houses. Should be explored. 



South of second rocky bluff a live camp, and farther down an- 

 other. 



The left side of the river is still all flats as far as one can see, 

 but about 17 miles below Russian Mission human bones came out of 

 a bank there (on a slough). 



Marshall 



At 3 p. m. reach Marshall, a little cheerful-looking mining town, 

 high on a bank. See the place, identify the skeleton from the above- 

 mentioned bank as that of a missing white man, see telegraph oper- 

 ator, postmaster, teacher, commissioner. Sun comes out, is warm. 

 Almost no mosquitoes here and no gnats. Hills above and beyond 

 town belong already to the coast range and are barren of trees, even 

 largely bare of shrubs and bushes. Leave 4.30. 



Soon after Marshall — after passing by an Eskimo village (white 

 man's style of buildings) — leave the hills and enter flats on both 

 sides. This is the beginning of the delta region. River like glass, 

 and it is warm in the sun but very perceptibly cooler when sun is 

 hidden. 



The boat has only three bunks, and there are five of us with the two 

 pilots. But on the last trip up, there were, fortunately only for 

 about eight hours, seven, including two women and a child, and that 

 without any privacy or conveniences whatsoever. It is almost crim- 

 inal, and they charge a very steep fare. However, for me it will 

 soon be over — only about 36 hours. Still it is hard to believe this 



