hkdlicKa] ANTHROPOLOGY OF THE YUKON 151 



population. The mixture is especially evident in the children and 

 the younger generation. It is mainly that with whites, but in the 

 lower settlements there is also a good deal of older mixture with the 

 Eskimo. There is fortunately as yet no Negro admixture. 



General type. — The full bloods are typically Indian, though not 

 of the pronounced plains type. The type is fairly uniform, but there 

 is not seldom, even up the river, as elsewhere in Alaska, a suggestion 

 of something Eskimoid in the physiognomy. 



Color. — The color in general is near medium brown, ranging to 

 lighter rather than darker. The hair is the usual full black of the 

 Indian. 



Stature and strength. — The stature and build are generally near 

 medium, rather slightly below than above. 



Head form. — The head is generally moderately rounded high meso- 

 to moderately brachycephalic. The face is medium Indian. 



Body. — The body proportions seldom impress one with unusual 

 strength, yet some of the men are by no means weaklings. The most 

 fitting term by which to characterize conditions in this respect is 

 again " medium," with an occasional deviation one way or the other. 



Photographs. — The accompanying photographs, taken by the 

 writer from Tanana to Anvik, show a few of the physiognomies. 

 Some of the girls and women, as well as boys and men, are quite 

 good looking. (Pis. 13-18.) 



From Anvik downward along the river the type of the people 

 becomes plainly more Eskimoid and on the whole more robust. But 

 as one can frequently meet farther up the river individuals who 

 remind one more or less of the Eskimo, so here it is frequent to see 

 faces that look like Indian. Whether due to old mixture or to other 

 reason, the fact is that there is no line of somatological demarcation 

 in the living populations of the river, and the same applies, as will 

 be seen later, to the skulls. 



Skeletal Remains of the Yukon 



The first Yukon Indian skull measured was that of a half-chief 

 of the Nulato group, collected in the early sixties by William H. 

 Dall. There are now three records of this skull, originally and again 

 now a Smithsonian specimen, one in Wyman ("Observations on 

 Crania," Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat, Hist.. 18G8, XI. 452, No. 75130), one in 

 the Otis "Catalogue" (.'55, No. 259), and one in Hrdlicka's "Cata- 

 logue of Human Crania in the United States National Museum 

 Collections" (p. 30, No. 242925). It is a normal, well-developed 

 male skull, which gives no suggestion of mixture. The true meas- 

 urements of this " type " specimen, taken by present-day instruments 

 ajul methods, are as follows: 



