164 ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA [eth. ann. jo 



south of the Yukon and from the Nunivak and St. Lawrence Islands. 

 The Yukon Eskimo material, collected from intact burials by the 

 writer, is unfortunately limited to the northern mouth of the river. 

 The skeletons from St. Lawrence Island were collected on the 

 Smithsonian expedition to the place in 1912 by Riley D. Moore, 

 1927 expedition by H. B. Collins, jr., and T. D. Stewart, all of the 

 National Museum. 



The Yukon Eskimo show perceptibly longer bones than do either 

 the Indians or the southeastern and midwestern Eskimo, indicating 

 a somewhat taller stature. 



The humerus in the males is less broad than either in the Indians 

 or the midwestern and southwestern Eskimo and has as a consequence 

 high shaft index; but in the females the index in the Yukon and 

 western Eskimo series is identical. The radius is relatively even 

 shorter in the Yukon that it is in the other Eskimo, giving low radio- 

 humeral index. 



The femur is notably less platymeric in the male and slightly less 

 so in the female Yukon Eskimo than it is in both the Indians and 

 the rest of the southwestern and midwestern Eskimo, giving a higher 

 index at the upper flattening. The meaning of these facts is not 

 obvious and they may undergo some modification with more material. 



As to strength, measured by the mean diameter of the shafts, the 

 Yukon Eskimo in comparison to the southwestern and midwestern 

 show a slightly weaker humerus, and in the males a slightly weaker 

 femur at middle, but in the males again, a slightly stronger tibia. 

 If, however, the mean diameters of the bones are taken in relation 

 to the length of the bones, then in both sexes and in all the parts the 

 southwestern and midwestern Eskimo are slightly stronger. This 

 would seem to indicate more exertion, with harder life, among the 

 coastal and insular than among the river Eskimo. As a matter of 

 fact Kotlik and the near-by Pastolik, from which our skeletons came, 

 were favorably situated at the northern mouth of the river. 



The Yukon Eskimo females, as compared with the males, have a 

 somewhat weaker and especially somewhat flatter humerus, with a 

 consequently lower shaft index; they have relatively even a shorter 

 radius, giving a lower radio-humeral index; their humerus itself is 

 relatively short, giving a lower humero-femoral index; their femur is 

 relatively somewhat flatter at the upper flattening, giving a lower 

 index of platymery; while their tibia is relatively less strong antero- 

 posteriorly, resulting in an index that is more than four points higher 

 than that of the males. 



