BRDi.icKA] PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 213 



223. Xunarbitk. — Village still occupied, on greater (Russian) 

 Diomede, located on an elevated slope around the southern cape of 

 the island. Skeletal and other remains reported on top ol mesa. 



224. Village, .still occupied, on an elevated saddle near middle of 

 west coast of island. 



225. Eskimo village, East Cape of Asia. Other villages indicated 

 along the coast of Chukchee Peninsula. Others on north coast. 

 (See Nelson, The Eskimo of Bering Strait, p. 265.) 



PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 

 Earlier Data 



The previously published data on the western Eskimo are few in 

 number and mostly not as well documented as would be desirable. 

 There are, however, a good number of references to the physical 

 characteristics of the people by explorers. The main of these are 

 given below. These references in general are not of much scientific 

 value, yet in some instances they approach this closely and are of 

 considerable interest collectively. 



1784, Cook : « 



The inlet which we had now quitted, was distinguished by Captain Cook 

 with the name of Prince William's Sound. * * * The natives whom we 

 saw were in general of a middling stature, though many of them were under 

 it. They were square or strong chested, with short thick necks, and large 

 broad visages which were for the most part rather flat. The most dispropor- 

 tioned part of their body appeared to be their heads, which were of great mag- 

 nitude. Their teeth were of a tolerable whiteness, broad, well set, and equal 

 in size. Their noses had full round points, turned up at the tip; and their 

 eyes, though not small, were scarcely proportioned to the largeness of their 

 faces. They had black hair which was strong, straight, and thick. Their 

 beards were in general thin or deficient, but the hairs growing about the lips, 

 of those who have them, were bristly or stiff and often of a brownish color; 

 and some of the elderly men had large, thick straight beards. * * * The 

 complexion of some of the females, and of the children, is white without any 

 mixture of red. Many of the men, whom we saw naked, had rather a swarthy 

 cast, which was scarcely the effect of any stain, as it is not their custom to 

 paint their bodies. 



Vol. 3, page 31. All the Americans we had seen since our arrival on that 

 coast (west coast of Alaska! had round, chubby faces, and high cheek bones, 

 and were rather low of stature. 



Ibid., page 72: Norton Sound. — The woman was short and squat and her 

 visage was plump and round. * * * Her husband was well made and about 

 5 feet 2 inches in height. His hair was black and short, and he had but little 

 beard. His complexion was of a light copper cast. * * * The teeth of both 

 of them were black, and appeared as if they had been filed down level with 

 the gums. 



■ Cook, Capt. James, and Capt. Jaoies King. A Voyage to the Paciflc Ocean. London. 

 1784, ii, vol. 2, p. 300. 



