hrdliCka] PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 217 



The Innuit of Norton Sound and the vicinity are of three trines, each of 

 which, while migrating at certain seasons, has its own peculiar territory. The 

 peninsula between Kotzebue and Norton Sounds is inhabited by the Kaviaks 

 or Kaviageniut Innuit. The neck of this peninsula is occupied by the Mahle- 

 mut Innuit. The shore of Norton Sound south of Cape Denbigh to Paatollk 

 is the country of the Unaleets or Unaligmut Innuit. The habits of these 

 tribes are essentially similar. They are in every respect superior to any 

 tribe of Indians with which I am acquainted. 



Their complexion I have described as brunet. The effect of the sun and 

 wind, especially in summer, is to darken their hue, and from observing those 

 who lived in the fort, I am inclined to think that a regular course of bathing 

 would do much toward whitening them. They are sometimes very tall ; I 

 have often seen both men and women nearly 6 feet in height and have known 

 several instances where men were taller. Their average height equals that 

 of most civilized races. Their strength is often very great. I have seen a 

 Mahlemut take a 100-pound sack of flour under each arm and another in his 

 teeth and walk with them from the storehouse to the boat, a distance of some 

 20 rods, without inconvenience. 



Page 140: The women * • * a re often of pleasing appearance, some- 

 times quite pretty. They preserve their beauty much longer than Indian 

 women. Their clear complexion and high color, with their good humor, make 

 them agreeable companions, and they are often very intelligent. A noticeable 

 feature is their teeth. These are always sound and white, but are almost 

 cylindrical, and in old people are worn down even with the gums, producing a 

 singular appearance. The eyes are not oblique as in the Mongolian races, 

 but are small, black, and almost even with the face. The nose is flat and 

 disproportionately small. Many of the Innuit have heavy beards and mus- 

 taches, while some pull out the former. 



Page 17 : I * * * made the acquaintance of a fine-looking young Mahle- 

 mut who * * * introduced me to his wife and child, the latter about 2 

 years old. The former was not particularly ugly or pretty. * * * The hus- 

 band was a fine-looking, athletic fellow, standing about 5 feet 5 inches, with a 

 clear brunet complexion, fine color, dark eyes, and finely arched eyebrows. 

 The flat nose, common to all the Eskimo tribes, was not very strongly marked 

 in him, and a pleasant smile, displaying two rows of very white teeth, con- 

 quered any objection I might have felt to his large mouth. The baby looked 

 like any other baby. * * * 



Page 376: It has been frequently remarked that the Tuski and Innuit 

 tribes have a Mongolian cast of countenance. This, upon an actual comparison, 

 will be found to be much less than is usually supposed. The real points of 

 resemblance' are principally in the complexion, which is somewhat similar, and 

 in the eyes. But the eyes of the Innuit are not oblique, as in the Chinese. 

 They have an apparent obliquity, which is due to the peculiar form of the 

 zygomatic arch, but the eyes themselves are perfectly horizontal. The promi- 

 nent characteristics of the Orarian 53 skull are the strongly developed coronary 

 ridge, the obliquity of the zygoma, and its greater capacity compared with the 

 Indian cranium. The former is essentially pyramidal, while the latter more 

 nearly approaches a cubic shape. 



The mean capacity (in cubic centimeters) of three Tuski skulls from Plover 

 Bay, according to Doctor Wyman, was 1,505; that of 20 crania of northern 



" Orarian, a term used by the author to distinguish the tribes of Innuit. Aleutians, and 

 Asiatic Eskimo from the natives known under the name of Indian, in allusion to the 

 universal coastwise distribution of the former. 

 88253°— 30 15 



