222 ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA [eth. ann. 4S 



a squat appearance, and their stature seems less than it is in reality. The 

 women are much shorter than the men, but both sexes are strong and active, 

 though not equal in these respects to the Tchuktchis and other reindeer tribes 

 of Siberia. 



The face of the Innuit is broad below the eyes, the forehead is narrow and 

 receding, the chin and lower jaw broad and heavy. The nose is usually broad 

 and flattened, but not always ; occasionally one is seen whose features are well 

 formed and handsome. In the young children this is the almost invariable 

 rule ; many of them are really beautiful. The eyes are small and black, and 

 appear to be slightly oblique, and for this reason, perhaps more than any other, 

 they have been classed with the Mongolidse. They have large mouths, thick. 

 loosely hanging lips, and fine, strong teeth. These, however, from eating raw 

 food, are usually very much worn. The labrets worn in the lips are hideous- 

 looking things, made of bone, glass, stone, ivory, or in fact anything within the 

 reach of the native which can be worked into the requisite shape. 



They have rather light skin, very different from the Indians of the plains ; 

 and in this also they differ from the Tchuktchis, being much lighter, and when 

 cleansed from the dirt which usually covers them, and freed from the sunburn 

 and tan due to long exposure, they become quite fair. They have small, well- 

 formed hands and feet, much smaller in proportion than white men. This was 

 particularly noticeable when buying boots and mittens from them for our 

 use; only the largest sizes made by them could be used at all. They are gen- 

 erally without beard, but as the men grow old, they sometimes have a thin, 

 straggling mustache and beard, but it is never full and regular. The hair is 

 coarse and black. 



1885, Kay : 65 



Pages 37-38 : The following table will show that physically the Inyu of 

 North American coast does not conform to the typical idea of the Eskimo. 

 They are robust, healthy people, fairer than the North American Indian, with 

 brown eyes and straight black hair. The men are beardless until they attain 

 the age of from 20 to 25 years, and even then it is very light and scattering, 

 and is always clipped close in the winter ; at this season they also cut off 

 their eyebrows and tonsure their crown like a priest, with bangs over their 

 forehead. Their hands and feet are extremely small and symmetrical; they 

 are graceful in their movements when unincumbered by heavy clothing. 



Page 4(5 : Physically both sexes are very strong and possess great powers of 

 endurance. 



1888, Murdoch : c6 



In stature these people are of a medium height, robust, and muscular, inclin- 

 ing rather to spareness than corpulence, though the fullness of the face and the 

 thick fur clothing often gives the impression of the latter. There is, however, 

 considerable individual variation among them in this respect. The women are 

 as a rule shorter than the men, occasionally almost dwarfish, though some 

 women are taller than many of the men. The tallest man observed measured 

 5 feet 9% inches and the shortest 4 feet 11 inches. The tallest woman was 

 5 feet 3 inches in height and the shortest 4 feet % inch. The heaviest man 

 weighed 204 pounds and the lightest 120 pounds. One woman weighed 1!>2 

 pounds and the shortest woman was also the lightest, weighing only 100 



65 Ray. P. II.. Ethnographic sketch of the natives. Report of the International Polar 

 Expedition to Point Barrow, Alaska. Washington, 1885. 



"* Murdoch, J., Ethnological results of the Point Barrow expedition. Ninth Ann. Rept 

 Bur. Ethn., 1887-88, pp. 33-39. Washington, 1892. 



