brdlicka] PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 259 



that both are probably due to an admixture with the Alaskan Indian, 

 though the report contains no measurements of the latter. 



The data that it is now possible to present may perhaps throw a 

 new light on the matter. As was already seen in part from the data 

 on the living, the head resp. the skull tends to relative shortness 

 and broadness throughout the southwestern, midwestern, and Bering 

 Sea region (excepting parts of the Seward Peninsula). Important 

 groups in this region, particularly those on some of the islands, had 

 little, or no contact with the Indian. The cranial index in most of 

 the groups of the southwestern and midwestern Eskimo equals or 

 even exceeds that of the Indian. And Eskimo groups with a rela- 

 tively elevated cranial index are met with even in the far north, as 

 at Point Hope, Hudson Bay, and Smith Sound. 7 Finally, the. 

 shorter and broader head connects with that of the Asiatic Eskimo 

 and that of the Chukchee, as well as other northeastern Asiatics. 8 



The records now available show the highest cranial indices to 

 occur on the coast between Bristol Bay and the Yukon and on lower 

 Yukon itself, while the lowest indices of the midwest area, though 

 still mesocranic, occur in the aggregate of Nunivak Island and the 

 mouths of the Yukon. Another geographical as well as somatologi- 

 cal aggregate is that of the people of the St. Lawrence and Diomede 

 Islands and of Indian Point, Siberia, the cranial index in these three 

 localities being identical. 



Eskimo: Cranial Index 

 Mean of both sexes ( M ale + female index N Qn 1281 adu]t gku]]s 



IN DESCENDING ORDER 

 Southwestern and midwestern 



(11) 

 Togiak 80. 1 



(13) 

 Hooper Bay 79. 7 



(10) 

 Mumtrak 79.6 



(6) 

 Pilot Station, Lower Yukon 79. 3 



(5) 



Chukchee (Siberia) 78.6 



(26) 

 Nelson Island 78 



(6) 

 Soul h western Alaska 77. 7 



(32) 



Indian Point (Siberia) 77. 4 



(12) 



Little Diomede Island 77. 4 



(299) 



St. Lawrence Island 77. 2 



(5) 



Port Clarence 76. 6 



(34) 



Pastolik and Yukon Delta 76. 1 



(14) 



St. .Michael Island 75. 7 



(116) 

 Nunivak Island 75.6 



'Compare writer's "An Eskimo P.rnin," Ampr. Anthrop. n. s.. vol. Ill, pp. 454-TiOO, 

 ,\'c w York, 1901 ; and his " Contribution to the Anthropology of Central and Smith Sound 

 Eskimo." Anthrop. Papers, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., v. pt. 2. New York, 1910. 



8 Compare, besides present data, measurements by Bogoras in his report on •' The 

 Chukchee, ' Mini Am .Mus. Nat. Hist., 1904-9, II, p. 33; 148 male and 49 female adults 

 gave him the mean stature of 162.2 and —152, the mean cephalic index of 81 and S1.S. 



