260 



Anthropological survey in Alaska 



[ETH. ANN. 46 



North western 



(222) 



Point Hope 76.0 



Kotzebue Sound and Kobuk (3) 



River 75.4 



(22) 



Shishmaref 74. 5 



(101) 

 Point Barrow 74. 1 



(73) 

 Barrow 73. 5 



(33) 

 Wales 73. 5 



(7) 

 Golovnin Bav 8 »72. 6 



(52) 

 Igloos, southwest of Barrow 09. 7 



Northern and northeastern 



(7) 

 Hudson Bav and vicinity 76. 3 



(9) 



Smith Sound 76. 2 



(15) 

 Southampton Island 74. 8 



(15) 

 Northern Arctic 73. 6 



(33) 



Baffin Land and vicinitv 73. 2 



(101) 

 Greenland 71. 9 



The Seward Peninsula shows sudden differences. There are a 

 few localities along its southern coast where the cranial type belongs 

 apparently to the Bering Sea and southern area. One site at Port 

 Clarence was one of these. But already at Golovnin Bay, which 

 is not far from Norton Sound and St. Michael Island, and according 

 to the evidence of the most recent collections (Collins 1928), also 

 at Sledge Island, there is a sudden appearance of marked dolicho- 

 crany, which is repeated at Wales, on the western extremity of the 

 peninsula, approached at Shishmaref, the main Eskimo settlement 

 on its northern shore, and, judging from some fragmentary material 

 seen at the eastern end of the Salt Lake, also in the interior. The 

 cause of this distinctive feature in the Seward Peninsula is for the 

 present elusive. The little known territory urgently needs a thor- 

 ough exploration. 



The distribution of the cranial index farther north along the 

 western coast shows several points of interest. The first is the 

 exceptional position of Point Hope, one of the oldest and most popu- 

 lous settlements in these regions, which by its cranial index seems 

 to connect with the Bering Sea groups. The second is the closeness, 

 once more, of Barrow and Point Barrow. The third and greatest 

 is the presence, in a small cluster of old igloos 8 miles down the coast 

 from Barrow, of a group of people that finds no counterpart in its 

 cranial index and, as will be seen later, also in some other character- 

 istics, in the entire western region; in fact, in the whole Eskimo 

 territory outside of Greenland. As noted before, the size of the head 

 in this group is also closest to that of Greenland. These peculiar 

 facts indicate a problem that will call for separate consideration. 



"• Including 4 female skulls collected by Collins in 192S and received too late tor general 

 inclusion into these series. 



