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ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA 



[ETH. ANN. 46 



second molars, and that in such a way that either the molars, if the 

 measurement is taken from above, or the lower border of the jaw if 

 it is taken from below, lies midway between the two branches of 

 the sliding calipers with which the measurement is taken. The two 

 methods (from above or below) give results that are nearly alike. 

 In some cases the one and in others the other is the easier, but 

 wherever the teeth are lost the measurement from below is perhaps 

 preferable. The records obtained on the lower jaws of the western 

 Eskimo and other racial groups are given in the next table. 



Thickness of the Bodt op the Lower Jaw at the Second Molars in the 

 Western Eskimo and Other Groups 



The figures show that the Eskimo jaw is very stout. It is ex- 

 ceeded in thickness only by the jaws of Florida, which in general 

 are the thickest in America, and in males is about equaled, in females 

 very slightly exceeded by those of the prehistoric Indians of Loui- 

 siana, who belong to the same Gulf type with the Indians of Florida. 

 The old Arkansas Indians, though closely related to those of 

 Louisiana, show a very perceptibly more slender jaw, particularly 

 in the males; while in an old Kentucky tribe (Green River, C. B. 

 Moore, collector) the jaws are still less strong. The lower jaws of 

 the American whites (dissecting-room material) are slightly less 

 stout than even those of the Indians of Kentucky in the males, and 

 much less so in the females. The interesting sex differences are 

 shown well in the last column of the above table. 



