HKDI.II'KA] 



THK LOWEB JAW 



307 



lower jaws of adult western Eskimo (with a small number from 

 Greenland) gives the following record: 



Lingual Mandibular Hyperostoses in the Western Eskimo 



children 

 [62 mandibles, completion of milk dentition to eruption of second permanent molar] 



None or in. 

 distinguish- 

 able 



X •"*» 



Pronounced 



Specimens. 

 Per cent 



47 

 75.8 



1 10 



16. 1 



2 5 



S. / 



ADULTS 

 (Both sexes. 710 mandibles] 



Specimens. 

 Per cent 



25 

 8.5 



' None in the younger children. ' All in older children or adolescents. 



ADULTS 



[Sexes separately. M. 350; F. 360 mandibles] 



The significance of these hyperostoses is not yet quite clear. 

 Danielli, who in 1884 reported them 17 in the Ostiaks, Lapps, a 

 Kirghiz, a Peruvian Indian, and four white skulls, offered no ex- 

 planation. For S0ren Hansen, 18 who first suggested the resemblance 

 of these formations to the torus palatums, "the significance of this 

 feature, which also occurs in other Arctic races not directly related 

 to the Eskimos, is not clear." R. Virchow. 19 who reports " wulstigen 

 und knolligen Hyperostosen " on both the upper and lower jaws of 

 a Vancouver Island Indian, restricts himself to a brief mention of the 

 condition with a suggestion as to its causation (see later). Welcker -' 

 found them in the skulls of a German (Schiller?), Lett, and a 

 Chinese, but has nothing to say as to their meaning. Duckworth 



"Danielli, J., Arch. p. l'antrop. e 1'etnoL, 1884, x:v. 

 a __e_del. om. Gr0nl., 18S7. No. 17. 



IJ Beitr. Kraniol. d. Insul. w. Kiisto Amer., 1889, 398. 

 "Arch. Anthrop., 1902. xxvii, 70. 



