hrdlkka] ORIGIN AXD ANTIQUITY OF THE ESKIMO 343 



immigration and its coming in contact with races of the southern 

 continent ; and philological and other evidence indicates that if such 

 a northwestern immigration be really demonstrable, it is one of very 

 ancient date. But so far as I have been able to study the evidence, 

 much of that hitherto adduced appears to point the other 

 way. * * * 



" With Asiatic Esquimaux thus distributed along the coast adjacent 

 to the dividing sea ; and the islands of the whole Aleutian group in 

 the occupation of the same, remarkable stock common to both hemi- 

 spheres: The only clearly recognizable indications are those of a 

 current of migration setting toward the continent of Asia, the full 

 influence of which may prove to have been more comprehensive than 

 has hitherto been imagined possible. * * * " 



Grote, 1877 : 79 Regards the Eskimo as the original inhabitants of 

 North America and believes they extended down to 50° in the eastern 

 and 60° in the western part of the continent. 



Krause, 1883 : 80 " Ueberblickt man nun die gegenwiirtige Verbrei- 

 tung der Eskimos in Asien, so wird man der Ansicht von Dall und 

 Nordenskiold beistimmen, dass die asiatischen Eskimo aus Amerika 

 eingewandert sind und nicht, wie Steller, Wrangell, und andere ver- 

 mutheten, zuruckgebliebene Reste einer ehemals zahlreicheren, nach 

 Amerika hiniibergezogenen Bevolkerung. Immerhin wiirde durch 

 die Annahme eines amerikanischen Ursprunges der jetzigen Eskimo- 

 be volkerung die Moglichkeit friiherer Wanderungen in entgegenge- 

 setzter Richtung nicht ausgeschlossen sein, nur giebt die gegenwar- 

 tige Verbreitung keinen Anhalt fur eine solche, und historische Be- 

 weise fiihlen." 



Ray, 1885 : S1 " Of their origin and descent we could get no trace, 

 there being no record of events kept among them. * * * 



" That they have followed the receding line of ice, which at one 

 time capped the northern part of this continent, along the easiest 

 lines of travel is shown in the general distribution of a similar peo- 

 ple, speaking a similar tongue, from Greenland to Bering Strait; in 

 so doing they followed the easiest natural lines of travel along the 

 watercourses and the seashore, and the distribution of the race to- 

 day marks the routes traveled. The seashore led them along the 

 Labrador and Greenland coasts; Hudson Bay and its tributary 

 waters carried its quota towards Boothia Land ; helped by Back's 



"Grote, A. R., Buff. Daily Courier, Jan. 7, 1877 (q. by. R. Virchow, Z. Ethnol.. Verb.., 

 ix. 1877. p. 09). 



M Krausi', Aurel, Die Beviilkerungsverbaltnisse der Tschuktsehenhalbinsel. Verh. Berl. 

 Ges. Anthrop., etc., in Z. Ethn., XV. pp. 226-27. 1883. 



81 Ray, P. II., Ethnographic Sketch of the Natives. Report of the International Polar 

 Expedition to Point Barrow, Alaska, pt. 2, p. 37. Washington, 1S85. 



