FEWKESj . CULTURE AEEAS IN THE WEST INDIES 159 



Dr. C. W. Branch.' Since the publication of that paper Mr. E. Con- 

 nell, an old resident of St. Kitts, who furnished much of the data 

 to Dr. Branch, has added to his collection many prehistoric objects, 

 as yet undescribed, which greatly enlarge our knowledge of the 

 archeology of these islands. There are several specimens from St. 

 Kitts in the Heye collection and in the insular Carnegie Library 

 which are not incorporated in Dr. Branch's excellent article.^ 



The author visited several mounds and other antiquities of this 

 island to determine the typical sites where stone and other imple- 

 ments were found and visits were made to numerous pictographs 

 referred to by Dr. Branch.' He spent some time in studying the 

 many objects lately acquired by Mr. Connell and examined another 

 small undescribed collection. 



Evidences of the prehistoric character of the culture in St. Kitts 

 are afforded by mounds or middens, pictographs, and the very con- 

 siderable collection of aboriginal objects in public and private hands., 

 all of which indicate a culture quite different from that of Porto 

 Eico or St. Vincent. As the antiquities from St. Kitts and Xevis are 

 practically identical, it is supposed that they belong to the same 

 culture area which may likewise include some of the neighboring 

 islands, which have been little investigated. 



Middens 



The middens on St. Kitts visited bj' the author are as follows:. 

 (1) West Farm or Two Mile Cut; (2) Stone Fort; (3) Wingfield 

 Estate.^" 



In general character the St. Kitts middens do not differ from 

 those of St. Vincent. They are ordinarily situated in cultivated 

 fields and their presence can be detected only by fragments of pot- 

 tery strewn over the surface of the soil, or, as at West Farm, where 

 roads have been cut, laying bare a section of the mound. Speci- 

 mens of marine shells invariably occur in the sites of these middens 

 and deep below the surface as shown by cross sections, but not in 

 sufficient quantities to lead us to designate them as shell heaps. 



' Aboriginal Antiquities of St. Kitts and Nevis. Amer. Anthrop., n. s., vol. ix, no. 2, 

 pp. 315-333. 



^ The majority of the objects of Dr. Branch's collection arc now in the National 

 Museum at Washington, to which institution he presented them when his article was 

 published. 



• In addition to his article above referred to, Dr. Branch has published in Nature, 

 vol. LIII, p. 580, Apr. 23, 189ti. the following: " Last year in St. Kitts, in a cliff fresh cut 

 by a wash, a gentleman found what were apparently the contents of a Carib grave — 

 fragments of pottery, two complete utensils, and pieces of human bones. • * • This is 

 the first discovery, so far as I can ascertain, of either bones or pottery in the Leeward 

 Islands. * • • since then, however. I have found a Ititchen midden, and procured 

 plenty of small fragments, along with crab claws, broken shells, fishbones, etc." 



'"These three localities and others are mentioned by Dr. Branch in his paper previou.sly 

 quoted. There are also middens at Indian Camp, Cayon, and Brighton Estates that were 

 not visited by the author. 



