FEWKEsJ CULTURE AREAS IN THE WEST INDIES 201 



responds with that on which, in decoruted elbow stones, is cut a human 

 head or body. A homolbgue of this phiin panel (identical with the 

 undecorated j^anel of a stone collar) does not occur on those elbow 

 stones in which carved heads or faces are found; consequently it is 

 supposed that the decorated panel of the stone collar is not repre- 

 sented by a sculptured head in elbow stones. 



" In those specimens of elbow stones in which a face is sculptured 

 on one arm it will be noticed that the middle line of the face or head 

 is placed longitudinally and not transversely to the axis — always 

 lengthwise of the arm, never crossing it. The position of these fig- 

 ures on known elbow stones differs radically from that of the heads 

 on panels of stone collars, for in the latter the middle line of the 

 face is at right angles to the panel. The figure on a collar is situated 

 generally on the border of the decorated panel, and is small and in 

 low relief; but in an undescribed collar in the Heye Museum [pi. 

 95], which is unique in this respect, the head rises above the 

 surface. An examination of this collar shows that in general form 

 it belongs to the massive stone collar group, while the decoration is 

 more like that of the slender oval collar; but the head cut on the 

 panel is so different from any yet described that it can hardly be as- 

 signed to the latter group. It is therefore regarded as a connecting 

 form having affinities with both massive and slender oval collar 

 stones. 



" It is instructive and may be significant that the faces on all the 

 elbow stones are anthropoid ; and the same is true also of the stone 

 collars, the heads on all of which have human features. The sym- 

 bolism of the spirit depicted represents a human, not an animal, 

 zemi. 



" Description of Elbow Stones 



"The following classification includes the known elbow stones in 

 various collections, designated by the name of the owner, the col- 

 lector, or the museum in which they are deposited : 



"A. W'itli fare cut in relief on due arm 



a. Face on the liKbt arm. 



1. MadriU spei-imeii (tig. 48). 



2. Ileye Museum specimen (pi. 98, A). 



3. Latimer i^pecimen, National Jlnseuni (tig. 49). 



b. Face on the left arm. 



1. American Museum specimen. 



2. American Museum specimen. 



3. Pinart specimen. 



4. Heye Museum specimen (iil. 98, B). 



