RUSSELL] PREHISTORIC RUINS 23 



The Pimas have a tradition relating the circumstances of the 

 coming of tlie band of Sobaipuris," whom they call Rsa'rsavina, Spot- 

 ted, from the San Pedro. They are said to have drunk na'vait or 

 cactus liquor together with a village of Pimas of forgotten name, on 

 the north side of the Gila, near the present Blackwater and the Pica- 

 cho village of Akutciny, before the time when the Apaches forced 

 them to leave their homes on the San Pedro. 



Since the settlement of the Gila an<l Salt river valleys by the 

 whites and the establishment of peace with the Apaches, the Pimas 

 have again manifested a disposition to extend their settlements, 

 principally owing, however, to the scarcity of water on the Gila 

 River reservation. The present villages are as follows: 



Os Kuk, Tree Standing, known as Blackwater. 



We'tcu(r)t, Opposite, North Blackwater. 



Ha'rsanykuk, Saguaro Standing, Sacaton Flats. 



S'a'oprk, Many Trees, The Cottonwoods. 



Tat'sitftk', Place of Fright, the settlement about Cruz's store. 



Ku'-u Ki, Big House, Sacaton. 



^o'pohiilm, (?), Santan. 



Hv'tcilttclk, Round Clearing, village below Santan on north liank of river. 



Va'-aki, Ruin or Ancient House. Casa Blanca. 



Sta'tann^ik, Many Ants, a village Ijetween the two last preceding, on snuth bank 

 of Oila. 



Pr-i-[)'tcilt'k'. Concave (from a family with noses of that shape), northeast of Casa 

 Blanca. 



Rso'tdk', Water Standing, northwest of Casa Blanca. 



Ska'kaik, Many Rattlesnakes, on north side of Gila, opposite Rso'tuk'. 



Rsa'nilk, Beginning, about a mile east of Sacaton station on Maricopa an<l Phoenix 

 railroa<l. 



Ka'woltflk' Wutca, Hill Below, west of railroad. 



Hi'atam. Sea Sand Place, from Hi'akatcik, where the people of this village fnrmerly 

 lived. Hi'atam was just north of Maricopa station. 



Ka'matiik Wu'tca. Kil'matflk Below, Gila Crossing. Ka'matuk is the Pima name 

 of the Sierra Estrella. 



Herm'ho. Once, or A'mfl A'kimfllt, Salt River, known by last name. This is the 

 settlement on the north side of the river, :! miles from Mesa. 



Prehistoric Ruins 



The Pimas have long since grown accustomed to being interro- 

 gated concerning the builders of the great stone and adobe pueblos 

 that now lie in ruins on the mesas of the Gila and Salt river valleys. 

 However ready they may have been in the past to claim relationship 



""The most warlilce among all the Pimas are those we call the Sobiarpuris, for they are bom and 



reared on the harder of the .Vpaches; but they have become tired of living in constant warfare, and have, 

 during the prciont year of 17ti2. abandoned their bt'uutiful and fcrtiio valley, retiring, some to Santa 

 Maria .'^oanca. and aonie to San Xavier del Bao and to Tucson, thus leaving to the enemies a free en- 

 trance to the high region of the IMmas." Kudo Ensayo, translated by Eusebio Guit^ras, Records of the 

 American Catholic Uistorical Society, v, 192. 



