RUSSELL] THE FOOD SUPPLY ( I 



Sai'tHkam iavilc. The leaf of this tliorny plant is eaten raw or 

 boiled. 



Si'eti'it, Ciicumis melo Linn. The muskmelon is extensively raised 

 by the Pinias. 



Si'vitcUt, Runiex hyinenosepalus. The canaigre is cultivated by 

 the whites in the Gila valley for tannin, yet it is eaten by the Pimas. 

 The stem is roasted in the ashes or, recently, stewed with sugar. We 

 have seen the children greedily devouring the raw roots in March. 

 Doctor Palmer states that the roots are used to tan deerskin and 

 also as soap. 



So'-odot, Sophia pinnata (Walt) Britton. The seeds are parched, 

 ground, and mixed with water to form puiole. The Mexicans of 

 Arizona use the leaves of this plant in preparing a drink. An infu- 

 sion made from the leaves is also employed as a remedj- for sores. 



Tdlci. Gosypitma sp. The cotton plant is no longer raised, but from 

 pre-Spanish ilays tlown to the last quarter of a century it was culti- 

 vated both for the fiber and the seeds. The latter were pounded up 

 with mesqnite beans in the mortar or they were sometimes ])ar(hed 

 and eaten without grinding." 



Tuple'. These seeds resemble those of flax in appearance. They 

 are eaten either raw or boiled and are yet extensively used. 



Tapkalt. This is one of the varieties of squash that is cultivated 

 by the Pimas at the present time. 



Td'ta d'n'Hl-, Atriplex nuttallii. The stems of this saltbush are 

 boiled with wheat. They are cut in short lengths and iised some- 

 times as a stuffing for roast rabbit. 



Tcia, Salvia columbaria Benth. The seeds when infused in water 

 form a pleasant nuicilaginous beverage, very popular with the 

 Pimas. 



Tci'dldi. The fruit of this cactus is brought l)y the Pa[)agos and 

 traded to the Pimas. It is cooked in the same manner as Opuntia 

 arborescens. 



Tciaaolt, Echinocactvis wislizeni. The pulp of the visnaga is con- 

 sidered valuable in lieu of water to those sufl'ering from thirst. It is 

 also eaten after being cut in strips and boiled all day. It is some- 

 times boiled with mesquite beans, a layer each in the cooking olla. 

 It is occasionally boiled with sugar. It is qiute a popular confection 

 among the whites, who, in some ])laccs, obtain the raw material from 

 the Papagos. 



Tci'-ithwatak, Lithospermum sp. The leaves are eaten without 

 preparation. 



o r. D. Poston .stated in I?G4 that he had recently furnished the Pimas with. 500 pnnnds of cntton seed, 

 though he did not give any reason for doing so. It is fair to presume that the Pimas had suUlcient seed 

 from the plant that they had raised from time immemorial. 



