ntSSF-LL] 



ARTIFACTS 



109 



metates were counted on the iriound (every one had been intention- 

 ally broken), and there must have l)een a much hirjjjer number beneath 

 the siu'face. Some of those found in the Ilohokam ruins arc of lava 

 and have legs several inches in length. Most of these are hollowed 

 out, as are thode of the Hopis, whereas the metates of the Pimas are 



Fiii. 2>i. Grinding wlieut on niL'tutc. 



perfectly fiat on the top from side to siile, being slightly concave 

 form end to end (fig. 28). They are of coarse-grained rock from the 

 surrounding hills and never carved or provided with legs. Tliey varj^ 

 in weight from 20 to 200 pounds and are carried about the premises 

 as needed, never being set in bins, as among the Pueblo tribes. Their 

 grinding surface is sharpeneil or roughened by pecking with a stone 

 ax, or with a similarly shaped stone if an ax is not o])tainable. 



MULLER 



The muller is of lava or of 

 stone similar to that of the 

 metate itself. It is longer than 

 that used by the Ilohokam, so 

 that the entire upper siu'face 

 of the metate is worn down. 

 It is not shaped into a rectangular liar, as is that found in the ruins. 

 Indeed, the writer saw few that showed any evidence of having been 

 shaped in any manner except through use. 



Pestlk 



The stone pestle" is used in every Pima household to crusli tlie 

 mesfjuite bean and other seeds in the wooden mortars. The pestle 

 varies in size from the small stone the size of one's fmger to the great 



Fig. 2S). Stonu pi'stlo 



An average-sized specimen in the collection weighs 4} pounds; it is 253 mm. long and 76 mm. in 

 diameter (fig. 29). 



