RUSSELL] 



GAMES 



181 



Fig. 97. Diagram 

 used in tcxiliki- 

 wlkut. 



there are 14 rinojs, but only a few may be caught at a single throw. 

 A certain nuinbor of marks, 2, 3, or 4, agreed upon in advance, con- 

 stitute the game. These marks are made upon a diagram laid out in 

 the sand in tlie form of a whorl (fig. 97). The scoring 

 commences in the center, called the tcunni ki,"' council • •. '. ." .* 



house," and runs out to the last hole, called hoholdega . • *•.*•.*•■. 

 ki, "menstrual house," wliich is on the west side of the • ' ';':'. 

 diagram: then the score returns to the center before 

 the player is entitled to one point toward game. 

 If the player who is behind throws a number that 

 brings her counter to the same hole as that of her opponent she 

 "kills"' the latter and sends back her counter to the beginning point, 

 but this is not done if she passes her opponent's position. 



Two specimens were obtained at Sacaton which were probably 

 used in games Ijy the Ilohokam, illustrations of which are here pre- 

 sented for the benefit of those engaged in special researches concern- 

 ing gaming devices. 



CUP STONE 



One of these objects is a cup-shaped stone of lava 

 wMch was obtained from a Pima who had found it 

 in one of the Gila Valley ruins west of the Casa 

 Grande (fig. 98). Doctor Fewkes has called the 

 writer's attention to the fact that it resembles the 

 wooden cups used by the Hopis in a game not un- 

 like the European "shell game."" 



RING STONE 



Fig. 98. Cup stone. 



Fig. 99. King stone. 



A few rings of porous lava have been found about 

 the ruins which have been called "head rings" 

 because of their resemblance to the ordinarj' head 

 rings of cloth or bark in common use among the Pimas 

 (fig. 99). However, as most of them are too small 

 and the material is extremely imsuited for such a purpose it is 

 much more probable that they were employed in some game with 

 wliich the present race is unacquainted.* 



<■ It is 90 mm. long, 53 mm. in diameter, with cavity 20 mm. in diameter and 42 mm. in depth. 

 6 Diameter of ring, U5 imn.: Internal diameter, 43 mm.; thickness, 55 mm. 



