396 



THE TLINGIT INDIANS 



[ETH. ANN. 26 



Natural History, upon the Pacific coast, and are as follows, the arrange- 

 ment, however, bein^ the writer's own : 



X is German ch in ach!, x almost like German ch in icli. l is nearly the same as dl and l as tl or 

 kl, while 1 is an aspirated sound represented best perhaps by hi. dj is English j, tc English ch in 

 church, and c English sh. The velars are similar to the palatals, but pronounced farther back in the 

 throat, and the vocalic-velar farther back yet. The fortes are pronounced explosively or sometimes 

 with a pause following. The characters " and « represent barely formed u and o sounds. 



TLINGIT SUBDIVISIONS 



At the present day tribes speaking Tlingit (or Koluschan) occupy 

 all of the "pan-handle" of Alaska, coast and islands, except the 

 southern third of Prince of Wales island and the smaller islands imme- 

 diately' to the southwest of it, and extend westward along the coast as 

 far as Copper river. The people on Taku and Stikine rivers camp and 

 travel some distance into British Columbian territory, while the Atha- 

 pascan Indians in turn camp well over into Alaska and come down to 

 the coast towns to trade or visit. The Tagish. a i^urely interior people 

 living in British Columbia north of the Chilkat, are said to speak a 

 dialect of this language; but, if that is indeed the case, it has pr()bal)]y 

 been adopted by them in comparatively recent times. An Eskimo 

 tribe, the Ugalakmiut, living just east of the mouth of Copper river, 

 has been so far moditied l)y contac-t with the Yakutat as to be enumer- 

 ated with the Tlingit ti'ibes proper, though historically it has no right 

 to that position. 



Leaving these two peoples out of consideration, fourteen geo- 

 graphical groups may be recognized, as follows: The Tongas (TAuga'c 

 qoan), Sanya or Cape Fox Indians (Sa'nya qoan), Hem'a (Ile'nya qoan), 

 Kuiu (Kuiu qoan), Kake (Keq! qoan), Sunidum (Slaoda'n qoan), Stikine 

 (Sta()Ihrn (joan or CqlAtqoan), Taku (T!riqI"qoan), Auk (AkI"qoan), 

 Hutsnuwu (Xutslnuwu' qoan), Huna (Ilu'na qoan), Chilkat (Djilqa't 

 qoan), and Yakutat (YaqMii't qoan or Laxayi'k qoan). The Hehl 

 (Xel (|oan), now at Wrangell, once formed an independent group on 

 Revillayigedo island. 



