KXPLANATION OF FACIAL PAINTINGS — Pl.ATE LV 



0. Black sea-bass {lUi.»du'k). Used by all families. 



Ii. Starfish {sUx), its body represented on the forehead and its arms on the 

 cheeks. There is also painting on the lower lip around the labret and on the eye- 

 brows. Used by women of the T! A'qldentan, though here represented on a man's 

 face. 



c. Starfish that Raven tore up. This is represented once on each cheek, the fifth 

 arm that was torn off being underneath. Used by all people. 



rf. Slugs, represented by the blue markings on the eyebrows, are supposed to be 

 moving about on flowers, indicated by the crosshatchings and the chin markings. 

 Used by the TAq! hit tan. 



e. A potlatch painting. The large blue spots are dishes {sHq!) and the narrow- 

 blue lines above them spoons. The red on the forehead is thought to be a raven's 

 beak. On the chin is a woodworm. Used by the Taij! hit tan. 



/. Head house {qaca' i/i. hit). The green in some way represents the rafters of a 

 house while tlie ear ornaments stand for heads on the house posts. Used by the 

 Tai|! hit tan, who owned a house bearing this name. 



g. Little ladder (dztik.'}. This was first used by a man named (.^alA'tk!. He was 

 evidently a shaman, because afterwards shamans' spirits used to go up a ladder to 

 reach him, and tlie inclined red and blue lines represent this ladder. On the ears 

 are abalone shells. Used by the Ka'gwAntan. 



h. Painting of sticks tied crosswise like a St Andrews cross (k.'i'cl tvuclna'). This 

 was originally used by a Wrangell man called Tsuna'k!" just before the last 

 encounter between the peoples of Wrangell and Sitka, and was adopted by one of the 

 C'hilkat Ka'gwAntrin who killed him. Afterwards his people, both male and female, 

 put it on their faces at dances and when about to go to war. The red represents 

 blood, some of which is coming from the nose. 



1. Another form of above. 



j. The band of blue over the eyes is a box. The blue of the chin and the red 

 stripe across the box are said to represent a copper plate leaning against the box. 

 From the ears hang teeth of a large shark called cAxd.i'q found farther south. They 

 are obtained in trade. Used by the Kuk-hit-tiin. 



k. Painted on the face of a "deer" when peace is being made. The spots on 

 the cheeks represent the bow and stern of a canoe coming to make peace, and 

 the inclined green line represents the pole {tski'r/a) with which it is pushed along. 

 Used Ijy anyone. 



