table lands, valleys, deep canyons and butts. Towards the northern 

 boundary are the Juniper Mountains. The whole country is covered 

 with sage brush and other vegetation, including good stands of bunch 

 grass. This holds good except on the high tables or mesas which are 

 scant in vegetation and are covered with layers of flat shale and loose 

 stones of a lava formation. There are no trees except an occasional 

 juniper found miles apart and a few in some of the canyons. To 

 the north, on the juniper mountains, they are quite plentiful, the 

 principal varieties being the juniper, cedar, cottonwood and moun- 

 tain mahogany. The country is not and never can be an agricultural 

 one, as its composition is of a rocky nature, totally unfit for agri- 

 culture except in such places along the streams where irrigation can 

 be had. All such places are either owned or have been filed upon; 

 outside of these districts the country can never be used for other than 

 grazing purposes. 



The streams are well placed and furnish sufficient water for a 

 large number of stock. To the south is the Owyhee River, South 

 Fork and Little Owyhee River, and to the east Deep Creek, Black 

 Canyon and Beaver Creek. Both Deep Creek and the Owyhee River 

 flow through deep and picturesque canyons, the trails crossing them 



IN PARTS OF THE RANGE; NUMEROUS TRAILS LED THROUGH ANCIENT 



SAGEBRUSH 



57 



