64 CORVID^E. 



Southward in Europe, this bird is found from Gibraltar 

 along the northern shores of the Mediterranean Sea. In 

 the Alpine countries of central Europe, it inhabits the 

 wooded mountains during summer, and sheltered valleys in 

 winter. It inhabits Corfu, Sicily, and Crete. In Egypt 

 the Raven, like the Vulture, is not molested ; its services 

 in removing offal or putrid flesh being considered use- 

 ful. It is found over the countries between the Black and 

 the Caspian Seas ; Mr. Blyth has found it near Calcutta, 

 and M. Temminck includes it among the Birds of Japan. 



Northward in Europe it is found over Scandinavia and 

 on the Faroe Islands ; it is found also at Iceland and at 

 Greenland. The Raven was seen by Captain Sir John Parry 

 and his parties, and by our other Arctic travellers, on 

 most, if not upon all the various expeditions to high north- 

 ern latitudes. Several pairs were seen at Melville Island ; 

 the individuals which were killed, differed in no respect 

 from European specimens. In the Natural History Ap- 

 pendix to the Second Voyage, it is stated that the Ravens 

 rob the hunters' traps, and are sometimes caught them- 

 selves. Scent offal at a great distance. Pair in March. 

 In the Appendix to the Third Voyage : Ravens seen at 

 Port Bowen and the most northern parts visited by the Ex- 

 peditions. During the winter they were frequently ob- 

 served to have a white ring round their neck, caused by 

 the accumulated encrustations of the vapour of their own 

 breath, and giving them a very singular appearance. 

 Winter produced no effect on their plumage. Captain 

 James Ross, in the Appendix written by him to the ac- 

 count of his uncle's last northern voyage, says, " The 

 Raven is one of the few birds that are capable of braving 

 the severity of an Arctic winter." One poor Raven that 

 had lost a leg either by frost or a trap, visited the ship 



