472 CHAKADRIHLE. 



The adult male in summer has the beak wholly black ; 

 the irides brown ; the forehead white, the same colour being 

 continued over the eye and a little beyond it over the ear- 

 coverts ; above the white on the forehead is a patch of 

 black, which extends only to the edge of the white, not to 

 the eye-lid : top of the head and the occiput rich reddish 

 brown ; from the base of the beak to the eye a black 

 streak ; ear-coverts also black ; nape of the neck white ; 

 back, scapulars, wing-coverts, tertials, upper tail-coverts, 

 and the base of the tail-feathers ash-brown or light hair- 

 brown ; the wing-primaries dusky black ; the distal part of 

 the shafts of the quill-feathers white ; the two middle tail- 

 feathers the longest, and dusky black at the end ; the two 

 outer tail-feathers on each side wholly white ; chin, cheeks, 

 sides of the neck and the throat, pure white ; just in 

 advance of the carpal joint, or point of the wing, on each 

 side, is a patch of black, not continued round the front ; 

 the breast, belly, vent, and under tail-coverts white ; under 

 wing-coverts and axillary plume white ; legs, toes, and 

 claws, like the beak, black at all ages. 



Whole length almost seven inches. From the carpal 

 joint to the end of the wing, four inches and one quarter : 

 the wing pointed ; the first quill-feather the longest. 



In the adult female the dark colour on the head and 

 neck is less decidedly black, and occupies a rather smaller 

 surface. 



Young birds of the year have no black colour above the 

 white on the forehead ; and the lore, as well as the ear- 

 coverts and the patch in front of the bend of the wing, are 

 dusky brown ; the beak, legs, and toes, black. 



The illustration at the head of this subject represents an 

 adult male killed in summer, and a young bird of the year 

 killed in autumn. 



