Holothurians allied to Cucumaria frondosa (GUNNER). 599 
In another paper (1910) I have presented a detailed revised 
description of Cucumaria frondosa together with an analysis of the 
literature pertaining to this form, giving now a description sufficient 
to serve as a basis for comparison with tle other species dis- 
cussed. 
Form. — The subeylindrical body is somewhat flattened dor- 
sally. In alcohol it is generally much contracted, ovoid, with deeply 
wrinkled, leathery skin. 
Size in centimeters. — In 43 fixed adults with the intro- 
vert retracted the contracted body has a mean length of 8,7, with 
a range from 6 to 16,2, and a mean dorso-ventral diameter of 4, 
with a range from 2,6 to 8,6. The introvert has a mean length of 
1,5 which should be added to the above mean length of the body 
to obtain the mean total length of specimens with introvert ex- 
tended. The living holothurids may attain a length of from 60— 100. 
Color. — The alcoholic specimens are liver-brown to vinaceous- 
cinnamon, darker dorsally. In life the holothurid is greenish brown, 
or dark purple above, and pale brown below, some specimens however 
being of a uniform bright yellow. The colors are lighter in the 
young. 
Tentacles. — Ten, large and equal. 
Pedicels. — The pedicels are very retractile and arranged 
in 2 rows in each radius, running zig-zag from side to side of the 
radial canal and in addition they are scattered over the 3 dorsal 
interradii, the ratio of dorsal to ventral pedicels being 3:5. In 
certain cases some of the mid-body pedicels grow beyond the 2 
typical primary rows thus constituting irregular partial secon- 
dary rows. 
Genital papilla. — As described in previous papers (1909, 
1910), in the female the genital papilla is usually simple and conical 
but sometimes it is subdivided into 2, or a very few lobes, while in 
the male it is always subdivided into from 4 to 22 parts, with an 
average of 10, each branch having a terminal pore. In a few cases 
one division is quite separated from the main portion of the papilla 
m>r.19,, Biol). 
Spieules. — The spicules of the body-wall are irregularly 
square, rounded, or more or less elongated perforated plates, either 
smooth, or spinose and often ridged (Fig. 2). They are of 2 mean 
sizes, the small plates averaging 220 X 110 u with from 25 to 30 
holes. The plates may project from the surface so that the skin 
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