Dr. Fr. Meinert on the JJgimy'ia.- Larva. 109 



pupas enclosed, the majority of which were supposed to be 

 infested by maggots. For sending silkworms the season was 

 too far advanced. 



Of these pupae only a fifth, or, perhaps, a little more, 

 were found to be in a normal condition, without any brownish 

 spots, and not at all infested by the parasite. Among the 

 rest something like a tenth part did not exhibit any spots ; 

 but nevertheless in each pupa a maggot was found, and in 

 one specimen two maggots. However, though no spots were 

 visible on these pupae, a dark lump (of compressed tracheae) was 

 found constantly inside one of the stiginata, exactly as in the 

 spotted specimens. Occasionally a pupa was found exhibiting 

 brownish spots and having the dark lump inside a stigma, 

 but without any parasite at all. Still 1 dare not deny that 

 possibly a small maggot may have been overlooked by me, 

 although I searched for it most carefully. 



Generally the pupae had one or more spots around one 

 of the stigmata (in most cases one of the first pair of abdo- 

 minal stigmata), and inside that same stigma the dark-coloured 

 lump mentioned. The maggot was found occupying a place 

 more or less in the midst of the abdominal cavity of its host, 

 thoroughly imbedded in a white mass of fatty structure. 

 Exceptionally two or more stiginata were surrounded by such 

 spots ; but then also two maggots, one considerably smaller 

 than the other, were found inside the silkworm. Twice I 

 found three maggots, one large and two smaller ones. 



As to the position of the maggot inside the pupa, it was 

 but rarely found to be in contact with either the tracheae of 

 its host or the stigmata, or with the dark-coloured lump, nor 

 could I discover anything like a cup. As a rule the maggot 

 was lying longitudinally in the middle of the pupa, having 

 its mouth turned sometimes forwards, sometimes backwards. 

 If two or three maggots were found the larger one held the 

 central position, pressing the smaller ones towards the sides. 



At length, having examined about fifty cocoons, I found 

 a pupa in which the maggot was lying in a long sac, with 

 its stigmata turned towards the bottom of the sac. The 

 outer end of the sac, which really had some connexion with 

 a stigma and with the epidermis of the silkworm, was of a 

 brownish colour, while the inner part was whitish, much 

 thinner, and cut off. Twice afterwards, in other specimens, I 

 again found a similar sac containing the maggot. And, finally, 

 I met with a pupa in which the maggot, as usual, was found 

 located in the middle of the body, while from its bed a 

 short canal led towards one of the pupa's stigmata, the 

 walls of that canal being of a brownish colour at the outer 



