50 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 177 
PERCUSSION-MADE TOOLS WITH SOME ABRASION 
Celts (fig. 18, a).—Two artifacts of fine-grained micaceous schist, 
shaped by percussion and abraded to produce a tapering at one end, 
come from N-11. Both are flat, with relatively even surfaces and one 
end broken off. The remaining end shows abrasion on one face. The 
blade is rounded in cross section. The length of the two examples is 
8 and 10 cm., width 3.0 and 6.5 em., thickness 1.2 and 2.2 cm. 
Mortar.—A rim fragment from a shallow bowl or mortar of fine- 
grained andesite was found in the lowest level at N-9. The surfaces 
areeven. From a flat-topped rim, 1.2 cm. thick, the walls slope slightly 
inward and increase in thickness. Existing depth is 3.5 cm., and the 
fragment appears to be broken off close to the bottom. Mouth diameter 
is 16cm. . 
Pestles (fig. 17).—Except for the lower end, which is well smoothed 
from use, the pestles are irregularly shaped by percussion. A com- 
plete example from N-9 is a natural, irregularly shaped almost 
hexagonal, waterworn, andesite cobblestone. In addition to being 
worn smooth on both ends, it shows some abrasion on the sides, sug- 
gesting it may also have been used asa mano. The length is 12 cm., 
and the diameter 7 cm. at the lower end and 4.5 cm. at the upper end. 
Other examples are roughly conical, with the broad end showing 
abrasion. This surface varies from elongated, 5.0 by 1.3 cm., to nearly 
circular, 6.0 by 7.5 cm. Stone materials include gneiss, granite, and 
micaceous schist. 
Rubbing stones (fig. 18, e-g).—Fragments of limonite or hematite 
concretions and other types of rock have one or more well-worn sur- 
faces. All of these have been put into the general category of rubbing 
stones. They are very irregular in shape, the only uniformity being 
the existence of one or more abraded surfaces. The size ranges from 
5.5 by 5.2 by 0.8 cm. to 3.8 by 1.8 by 0.7 cm. 
POLISHED TOOLS 
Celts (fig. 18, a,b) —Well polished, rectanguloid celts or ungrooved 
axes were found only at N-11. Of the three specimens, two are quartz- 
ite, and one is felsite. One is complete and two are fragments of the 
bitend. The surfaces are slightly rounded, the bit slightly to strongly 
convex and the sides nearly straight and parallel. The complete celt 
has a rounded butt. Maximum thickness is toward the butt, the sur- 
faces tapering gradually toward the blade. Between 1 and 2 cm. from 
the bit, they curve strongly meeting at a sharp edge. The complete 
specimen is 7 cm. long, 5.5 cm. in maximum width, 4 cm. wide at the 
blade and 3 cm. thick. 
Chisels or gouges (fig. 18, c-d).—Small polished tools, probably 
used as chisels or gouges, were made of fine-grained micaceous schist or 
