158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 177 
has been exploited for a number of years by Alfred Read for small- 
scale cattle raising and agriculture. In digging fence posts for build- 
ing the house (which is south of the site), the owner found sherds, a 
stone ax, a mano, and a hammerstone. 
Two stratigraphic excavations were made in the refuse deposit. 
Cut 1, 2 by 2 meters, was dug near the southwest edge of the site near 
the top of the sloping river bank. Excavation in 8 cm. levels produced 
the following results: 
Level 0- 8 cm_. Black loam with frequent small hard clay lumps of ir- 
regular shape; many grass roots; sherds sparse. 
Level 8-16 cm__ Black loam with lumps of clay continues; 2 quartz chips; 
sherds more abundant. 
Level 16-24 em__ Conditions same as preceding level. 
Level 24-32 em__ Conditions same. 
Level 32-40 cm__ Soil more compact at 32 cm., with more abundant clay 
lumps. A few sherds to 40 cm.; sterile below. Sterile 
whitish sand appears at 75 cm. 
Cut 2, also 2 by 2 meters, was placed on the summit, 12 meters from 
the west edge of the site. The surface here was covered with tall grass. 
Excavation in 8 cm. levels revealed the following characteristics: 
Level 0- 8cem__ Dark gray, sandy loam, not as black as in Cut 1; scattered 
clay lumps. Sherds sparse. 
Level 8-16 cm__ Soil color slightly darker than in preceding level, sherds 
more abundant; tiny quartz fiakes. 
Level 16-24 em__ Soil black and sandy; clay lumps less frequent than in 
Cut i. Sherds small but very abundant. 
Level 24-32 em_. Soil black, sherds abundant. 
Level 32-40 em__ Conditions same as preceding level. 
Level 40-48 em__ Conditions same. 
Level 48-56 cm__ Conditions same to 50 cm.; between 50 to 70 cm., the soil 
is slightly lighter in color and more compact; between 
70 to 85 em., scattered flecks of white sand appear and 
clay lumps are abundant. Below 85 cm., the amount 
of white sand increases steadily. Sterile below 50 ecm. 
DATA FROM OTHER INVESTIGATIONS 
The only other previous investigations on the Abary were under- 
taken by Verrill (1918 b). Unfortunately, the exact locations of the 
two sites he visited are not specified, and the map (op. cit., fig. 5) 
shows too little of the area for orientation. The first site is on “some 
fairly dry verdured land further up the river [than his previous 
searching], which formed a sort of cape or peninsula extending for 
several miles across the savannah and bordering upon the river” (op. 
cit., pp. 21-22). It produced potsherds, stone implements, rounded 
and polished quartz pebbles, and a bead made by perforating an ame- 
thyst pebble (loc. cit.). The stone implements illustrated (op. cit., 
fig. 1) include a parallel-sided, side-notched ax with a flat butt, two 
petalloid celts, three almost parallel-sided axes with both blade and 
