214 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [Bull. 177 
SURFACE (pl. 44, a-d): 
Color: Typically light tan to orange. Rare exceptions are sherds with 
solid-gray core or gray band along one surface, in which case the adja- 
cent surface is also gray. 
Treatment: Uneroded surfaces are smoothed and typically even, with 
faint, fine smoothing marks occasionally visible. 'Thinner-walled sherds 
are better smoothed than thicker ones; bowls are better smoothed on the 
interior and jars on the exterior. Finishing was sufficiently well done 
when the clay was still fairly damp to float fine particles to the surface, 
which conceals the sandy texture of the paste. Pits and other irregu- 
larities often remain. 
Hardness: 2.5 to 3.5. The variation may partially reflect poor conditions 
of preservation resulting from excessive exposure to moisture and acid 
soil. 
Form: 
Rim: Direct or slightly everted; thickening of any sort is very rare and 
possibly accidental. Rounded, tapered, pointed or flattened lip. 
Body wall thickness: 4 to 20 mm.; majority 6 to 7 mm. 
Body diameter: 16 to 34 cm. at the carination. 
Base: Four base types can be distinguished. In the absence of any com- 
plete vessels, the association of these with particular vessel shapes can 
be determined only by inference: 
A. Flat, with curved or angular junction to the body wall, which rises 
at one of two angles: 80-35 degrees and 60-70 degrees. The thick- 
ness of the base is typically equal to or less than that of the body 
wall, but in rare instances is greater. Slight thickening at the 
point of junction is optional. Diameters range from 6-12 cm. 
(fig. 88, A). 
B. Slight pedestal, formed by a vertical to outslanting rise, the angle 
of which is distinct from that of the body wall. Height of pedestal 
5-12 mm. ; diameter 8-20 cm. (fig. 88, B). 
C. Rounded and unthickened. Diameters not determinable. 
D. Annular. Only one example; too fragmentary for measurement of 
height. Diameter at junction with body wall, about 9 cm. 
Major vessel shapes reconstructed from sherds: In the absence of any com- 
plete vessels or large fragments, the forms of Kalunye Plain have been 
reconstructed from rims and diagnostic body sherds. The most frequent 
types of rim profiles suggest 4 major vessel shapes: 
1. Shallow to moderately deep bowls with outslanting or upcurving 
walls, direct rim and a variety of lip forms, including rounded, 
pointed, flattened and beveled. Rim diameter is 6-30 cm.; major- 
ity 16-24 em. (fig. 88-1). 
2. Carinated bowls, the lower wall joining the upper at a distinct 
but usually rounded angle. Rim is everted, sometimes narrowing 
slightly toward the lip, which is usually rounded. Rim diameter 
is 14-82 cm.; majority 16-22 cm. (fig. 88-2). 
8. Globular jars, walls incurving to constricted mouth and direct rim 
with rounded lip. Mouth diameter 6-28 cm.; majority 12-20 cm. 
(fig. 88-3). 
4, Globular jars with everted rim and rounded or pointed lip. Rim 
diameter 8-28 cm.; majority 16-22 cm. (fig. 88-4). 
OcCASIONAL DECORATION: A few rims of shapes 1 and 8 have a row of orna- 
mental nicks along the edge of the lip. 
