eons ARCHEOLOGY IN BRITISH GUIANA 221 
being the most frequent form, the majority of the body sherds are 
red on the interior. In the absence of complete jars or even large 
fragments, it is impossible to say whether the red covers the entire 
exterior or only the upper portion on this form. No bases were 
included in the small sample. 
A rare form of Manakakashin Red has the color applied in bands or 
stripes rather than over the whole surface. A small sherd of Vessel 
Form 2 has the lip painted red, and two bands 7-8 mm. wide running 
horizontally on the upper exterior about 8 mm. apart. They begin 
to curve downward at one edge, suggesting that the motif was not 
simple parallel stripes. Two sherds from Vessel Form 1 have paired 
stripes, 3-5 mm. wide, running vertically on the interior. 
Occasional sherds have additional decoration in the form of a row of 
diagonal gashes along the lip or on the exterior just below the 
margin of the red painted area (pl. 44, g-7). 
TEMPORAL DIFFERENCES WITHIN THE TYPE: Decoration in the form of bands 
occurs only in the early third of the Taruma Phase. No trends are dis- 
cernible in vessel shape (Appendix, table 33). 
CHRONOLOGICAL POSITION OF THE TYPE: Manakakashin Red occurs sporadically 
throughout the Taruma Phase, but exhibits a marked increase in popularity 
in the latter third of the sequence (fig. 101). 
MANAKAKASHIN RED-ON-WHITE 
Paste: All paste features are typical of Yoché Plain, Kalunye Plain, and 
Mawikaé Plain, all of which were used for this type of decoration; see those 
type descriptions for details. 
SurFrace: Unslipped surfaces are representative of the range in the plain wares 
and do not show any unusually careful treatment. 
Slip: 
Color: White to cream. 
Treatment: Applied in sufficient thickness (maximum 0.5 mm.) to be 
readily distinguished and to form a distinct layer on the surface. 
Adhesion to the underlying sandy surface is generally good and there 
is hardly any tendency to slough off. No smoothing marks evident. 
Surface is relatively smooth and even. A few sherds have a waxy 
coating over the painted surface, perhaps resulting from the appli- 
cation of a resin to the surface after firing, as the Wai Wai do today. 
Hardness: 2.5-3. 
ForM: 
Rim: Typically direct, occasionally thickened on exterior or interior. 
Body wall thickness: 4-6 mm. 
Base: Fiat. 
Major vessel forms reconstructed from sherds: 
1. Rounded jars with flattened bottom, walls curving outward to 
rounded slightly angular shoulder, then inward to direct or slightly 
upturned rim with rounded lip. Mouth diameter 16-26 cm. (fig. 
91-1, bottom). 
2. Bowls with flattened bottom, upcurving or upslanting walls, direct 
rim and rounded lip. Rim diameter 20-26 em. (fig. 91-2, bottom). 
3. Bowls with flattened bottom, upcurving walls interiorly thickened 
1.5-2.5 cm. below the rim and then tapering to the rounded, pointed, 
or slightly flattened lip. Rim diameter 18-22 cm. (fig. 91-3, 
bottom). 
