ADMINISTKATIVE EEPOKT 15 



distinct floors. The remains of small fragile-walled houses 

 resembling Pima jacales were found upon the tops of these 

 pyramids, and in the neighboring plazas subterranean rooms 

 with cemented floors and fireplaces were unearthed under 

 the massive walls^ This compound was thoroughly repaired 

 with Portland cement, and drains were built to carry off the 

 surface water. A roof was built over the subterranean 

 room, the decayed upright logs that once supported the 

 walls were replaced with cedar posts, and other steps were 

 taken for the permanent preservation of these interesting 

 remains. 



The walls of Compounds C and D were traced throughout; 

 in the middle of the latter compound is a large building, 

 'the ground-plan of which resembles Casa Grande. The 

 most extensive structure excavated at Casa Grande is a 

 clan house, a building 200 feet long, with 11 rooms, whose 

 massive walls inclose a plaza. In the middle of the central 

 room of this cluster there is a seat, called by the Pima Indians 

 "the seat of Montezuma". On the north side there is a 

 burial chamber, the walls of which are decorated in several 

 colors. This room contains a burial cyst in which was 

 found the skeleton of a priest surrounded by ceremonial 

 paraphernalia. The bases of the walls of the clan house 

 were protected with cemefit, and drains were built to carry 

 off water. For the convenience and information of visitors 

 aU the buildings excavated were appropriately labeled and 

 placards containing historic data were posted at various 

 points. Although the appropriation was not sufficient for 

 completing the work of excavation and repair of the Casa 

 Grande group, the amount available made it possible to 

 present a type ruin showing the general character of the 

 ancient pueblo remains in the Gila and lower Salt River 

 Valleys. 



At the close of the work at Casa Grande, Doctor Fewkes 

 was able to make a comparative study of the mounds in the 

 neighborhood of Phoenix, Mesa, and Tempe, and also of the 

 ancient habitations on the Pima Reservation. Several large 

 ruins in the vicinity of Tucson were visited, and an extensive 



