100 ETHNOGEOGEAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [eth. anx. 29 



(3) Cochiti Tfetepotfena 'northwest river' (iye^e 'north'; jiw 

 'west'; tfena 'river'). The Cochiti are fond of naming geograph- 

 ical features according to their direction from Cochiti [28:77]. 



(4) Eng. Chama River. (<Span.). =Tewa(2), Span. (o). 



(5) Span. Rio Chama, Rio de Chama ' river of Ttupiiq ', the name 

 IsqiiKJ having been applied by the Tewa to the pueblo ruin [5:7] 

 and its vicinity. For a discussion of the origin of the name see 

 [5:7]. =Tewa (2), Eng. (-t). The upper Chama River above the 

 confluence of [1:4] and Vado settlement [1:5] is called by the 

 Tewa Pqmpoj see [1:6]. 



"A picturesque gorge or canon terminates above Abiquiu [3 :36], 

 and from it emerges the Chama River''.' 



The (3hama usually carries its waters above the sand to the Rio 

 Grande confluence. "South of the Rio Chama, the waters of not 

 a single tributary of the Rio Grande reach the main artery' 

 throughout the whole year".^ 



The water of the Chama is always reddish. "The branches of 

 which the Chama is formed are the Co3'ote [1:20] in the Avest, 

 the Gallinas [1:24] north of west, and the Nutrias [1:14] north. It 

 is said that the waters of the first are red, those of the GaJlinas 

 white, and those of the Nutrias limpid. According as one or the 

 other of these tributaries rises, the waters of the Chama assume a 

 different hue. The word 'Chama' is properly 'Tzama'"'.^ The 

 water of the Chama is always somewhat reddish and when the 

 wa,ter of the Rio Grande is reddish it is said to be due to the dis- 

 charge of the Chama. See Posog_e [Large Features: 3]. Compare 

 the San Juan name of the Chama River given above. 



The region of the Chama River is sometimes spoken of as the 

 Chama region or Abiquiu region. For the Tewa expression see 

 [1: introduction]. 



See [1:4], [1:6],J1:S], [1:11], [1:14], [1:15], [1:24], [1:29],[1:31], 

 [5:7], [5:16], and Posoge [Large Features:3]. 

 [Large Features: 3]. (1) San Juan, Santa Clara, San Ildefonso Po.yogc, 

 Nambe Posqge 'place of the great water' (2V water' 'river'; so 

 'largeness' 'large' 'great'; g.e 'down at' 'over at'). The Xambe 

 form is irregular. Compare the names of similar meaning. 



(2) Picuris "Paslapaune".'' 



(3) Jemez IlqnfdpdJi'ivd 'place of the great water' {Juhifd 

 'large' 'great'; p4 'water'; Avm locative). Compare the forms 

 of similar meaning. 



■ (4) Cochiti Tfena 'river'. 



I Bandelier. Final Report, pt. ii. p. 56, 1892. ^ ibid., pt. ii, p. SB. 



"Ibid., pt. I. p. 17, 1890. <Spinden, Picuris MS. notes, 1910. 



