102 ETHNOGEOGEAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [eth. ann. 29 



San Ildefonso [19:22]. In the east lie the Santa Fe Mountains 

 {Tampije'r^ piuf [Large Features:?], in the west the Jemez 

 <:hAm{Ts(lriipije€*fiijf [Large Features :8]), ranges parallel to the 

 Rio Grande and 10 to 20 miles from it. 



About 3 miles below San Ildefonso [11:22] at [19:12.5] the Rio 

 Grande enters a second canyon, which extends, with exception of 

 a short stretch in the vicinity of Buckman [20:19], as far south 

 as Cochiti [28:77]. This is called by the Tewa merelj' PofsPi 

 'water canyon' or Po.iog^ei)irpoisPi 'water canj'on of the Rio 

 Grande' (po 'water'; fsn 'canyon'; Posog.e 'Rio Grande' (see 

 above); ^iijf locative and adjective-forming postfix); but the 

 Americans have a specific name for it, namely, White Rock 

 Canyon. See Potsi'i [Large Features :4], below. 



So far as the writer has learned, the Tewa do not personify the 

 Rio Grande and other rivers as do the Jicarilla Apache, according 

 to Goddard.' The Tewa appear to have no myth of the origin of 

 the Rio Grande, but say that it has run since the beginning of the 

 world, as the result of rain. 

 [Large Features:4]. (1) PotsiH, Posoge'\inpotsv i 'water canyon of 

 the Rio Grande' {po 'water'; fsPi 'canyon'; Posog;? 'Rio Grande' — 

 see [Large Features:3], above; 'iyy locative and adjective-form- 

 ing postfix). This is the only name which the Tewa have for this 

 canyon of the Rio Grande. It is also one of the Tewa names 

 of [8:04]. 



(2) Eng. White Rock Canyon. This name is said to have been 

 applied only since the building of the Denver and Rio Grande 

 Railroad. Persons very familiar with the region know of no white 

 rock to which it refers. It can hardly refer to the white rock 

 [28:94] from which Pena Blanca [28:92] is named, for that is 5 

 miles below the southern end of the canyon. Span. (4) appears 

 to be a translation of Eng. (3). "White Rock Canon."- " White- 

 Rock Canyon. ■'' 



(3) Eng. Devil Canyon. The writer has heard an American 

 apply this name to the canyon. 



(4) Span. Caiion de la Peiia Blanca, Caiion Blanco 'white rock 

 canyon' 'white canyon.' (Probably < Eng.). =Eng. (2). "Canon 

 Blanco. "= 



(5) Span. "Caiion del Norte. "^ This means 'north canyon' and 

 is a Span, name used by people living south of the canyon. 



(6) Span. Caja, Caja del Rio Grande, Cajon, Cajon del Rio 

 Grande Caiion, Canon del Rio Grande, 'box' 'box of the Rio 

 Grande Canyon' 'Canj'onof the Rio (irande.' "Caja del Rio.""' 



1 Jioarillii Apache Texts, 1911. ' Hewett, Communautf^s, p. 20. 1908. 



sBandelier, Final Report, pt. II, p. 79, 1S92. 'Bainlelier, op. cit., pp. SO, 149. 



