HARRINGTON] PLACE-NAMES 255 



order to be nearer their kindred, the Tehua.s [Tewa]. Vargas found 

 them there in 1692, when he made his first successful dash into 

 New Mexico. There is also a ruin in that neighborhood, I-pe-re 

 [elsewhere given by Bandelier as the Tauo Tewa name of San Laz- 

 aro [29:52]], or San Lazaro, which dates from the same period. 

 Both wore abandoned after the reconquest, San Lazaro in 1694, and 

 Yam P'hamba or San Cristobal in the same year. It [San Cristo- 

 bal] was subsequently reoccupied, and finally deserted in 169C, 

 after the murder of the missionary Fray Jose de Arvizu on the 4th 

 of June. With him was killed the priest of Taos, Fray Antonio 

 Carboneli. In the Canada de Santa Cruz [15:18], consequently, 

 there are ruins of historic, as well as of pre-historic pueblos; a 

 fact which future explorers should bear in mind".' "After the 

 expulsion of the Spaniards [1631], the Tanos of San Cristobal 

 [29:15] settled in the vicinity of Santa Cruz [15:18], as already 

 related. Most of their descendants are now among the Moquis 

 [Hopi]".^ "San Lazaro [29:52] . . . which was abandoned after 

 the uprising in 1680 and never occupied again. "^ "Les mines de 

 Tsawari se trouvent sur une petite coUine dii cote sud, a cinq 

 milles plus haut [than [15:21] and [15:22]], sur la Canada [15:18]. 

 Le nom historique de ce village est San Cristoval. Nous avous 

 ^tabli que ce lieu est le Tsawari, ou Tcewadi, ou vivait le peuple 

 Hano, aujourd'hui a Hopi. Les Indiens de Santa Clara et de San 

 Ildefonso ont a cet cgard des traditions. Dans ces deux villages, 

 on trouve encore des Indiens qui se rappellent les visites faites 

 par les Indiens Hano a leur demeure ancestrale, selon une coutume 

 en usage chez les Pueblos. Une preuve d'identification importante 

 est lalocaliteelle-meme . . . L'identification de cet endroit avec le 

 San Cristoval de Thistoire est egalement complete, car e'est le nom 

 par lequel la ruine est connue des Mexicains de la vallee. A propos 

 de ce village, Bandelier dit: 'Yam P'hamba etait un village con- 

 struit par les Tanos dans le voisinage de Santa Cruz apres la 

 revolte de 1680, lorsqu'ils abandonncront la region de Galisteo et 

 allerent au nord pour se rapprocher de leurs parents, les Tehuas. 

 II y a aussi, dans ce voisinage, une ruine, Ipera, ou San Lazaro, 

 qui date de la meme periode. lis f urent tous deux abandonnes 

 apres la conquete, en 169-4, furent ensuite repris et finalement 

 desertes en 1696.'"" "The natives of this pueblo [San Cristobal 

 [29:45]], and of San Lazaro [29:51] were forced by hostilities of the 

 Apache, the eastern Keresan tribes, and the Pecos to transfer their 

 pueblos to the vicinity of San Juan [ll:San Juan Pueblo], where 

 the towns were rebuilt under the same nanies (Bancroft, Ariz, and 

 N. Mex. , p. 186, 1889). This removal (which was more stricth' to a 



1 Bandelier. Final Report, pt.ii, p. 83and notes, 1.S92. Mbid., p. 105. 



>Ibid., p. 103. < Hewett, Communautfe, pp. 31-32. 1908. 



