340 ETHNOGEOGRAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [bth. ann. 29 



(2) Simii. Tnichas. Las Tnichas 'the trout', probably called so 

 from Tiuchas Creek [22:10j. "Tnichas".' There is no Tewa 

 name for the settlement. 



This is a small Mexican town. Sheep and other stock are 

 raised on the hills in the vicinity. The grandfather of one San 

 .Iiian informant used to herd his sheep up by Truchas, make 

 cheese from the milk at Truchas town, and bring it to San Juan 

 Pueblo to sell. The important cla\pit [22: 12] is near Truchas. 

 [22:12] San Juan ' Onixrjge^ii] fhygeniyF ond/iive ' where the earth is dug 

 down by crooked chin place arroy o ', referring to [22 : 10] (' Oinfi rj- 

 ^e'iyfhu'ii, see [22:10]; 0<; 'down at' 'over at'; nqijf 'earth' 

 'clay'; k'orjf 'to dig'; "'twc locative). 



It is said that at this place the best red pottery clay known to 

 the Tewa is obtained. It is pebbly, hut makes very strong 

 dishes, and it is used especially for oUas. It is said that Tewa of 

 various pueblos visit this place frequently and carry away the clay. 

 See under Minerals, page 5S1. The clay deposit is a mile or 

 two southeast of Truchas town [22:11]. 

 [22:13] (1) Eifiejii.piijf, Etis^unx apparently "rock horn mountain' 

 'place of the rock horns', but .vf^y has the intonation of .sfyf 

 'man in prime' rather than that of serjj' 'horn' altiiough some 

 Indians recognize it as the latter word and feel sure of the mean- 

 ing- given above {kii 'stone' 'rock'; «e>J.f "horn'; piyj' 'moun- 

 tain'; nsp. locative). If this etymology is correct, as several 

 Indians have assured the writer, the name doubtless refers to the 

 ujiward-projecting rocks of the sianmit described by Bandelier: 

 "The summit of the Truchas is divided into sharp-pointed peaks, 

 recalling the 'Horner StOcke' or 'Dents' of the Alps".^ 



(2) Eng. Truchas Mountain(s), Truchas Peak. (<Span.). 

 = Span. (3). 



(3) Span. Sierra Truchas, Sierra de las Truchas 'mountain or 

 mountain range of the trout'. = Eng. (2). This name appears 

 to be taken from Truchas Creek [22:10], which rises at this 

 mountain. "Trout mountains (Sierra de la Trucha)".^ "Sierra 

 de las Truchas."^ Of the height of Truchas Peak Bandelier says: 



The highest point of the whole region [i. e., tlie wliole southwestern United 

 States], as far as linown, Hea in northern New Mexico. The 'Truchas', north 

 of Santa Fe, ascend to 13,150 feet aljove sea leveL None of the pealis of the 

 Sierra Madre reacli this altitude; tliey do not even attain the proportions of 

 lesser mountains in New Mexico like the Sierra Blanca . . . [11,892 according 

 to official maps], 'Baldy' [22:53] (12,661), the Costilla (12,634) or the Sierra 

 de San Mateo [29:115] (11,200). The same may be said of Arizona, where 



1 Bandelier, Pinal Report, pt. n, pp. 35, 45, 1892. 



2 Ibid., p. 30. 



3 Bandelier in Papers Arrli. Iiiat. Amcr., Amer. ser., i, p. 39, 1881. 



< See Bandolier, Final Re|i(irl, pt. ii, pp. 34, 3.% 63, 1892. 



