466 RTHNOGEOGEAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [eth. anx. 29 



staucis iit present on the bank of the creek, which is washing a 

 portion of it away. The ruin appears to be older than [29 :15] 

 according- to Mr. K. M. Chapman. Southwest of the ruin at 

 sonu^ di.stance from the creek are traces of very ancient pueblo 

 ruins. Although some of the Tewa know of this ruin, they know 

 no name for it. The informants are ]\Ir. K. M. Chapman, ]\Ir. 

 A. V. Kidder, and Mr. and :Mrs. Gerald Cassidy. See [29 :l-i], 

 [29:15], and Nameless pueblo ruin 6 miles southwest of Santa Fe 

 [29:.5], and [29:unlocated]. 

 [29:17] (1) Eng. Arroyo Hondo. (< Span.). =Span. (■2). 



(2) Span. Arroyo Hondo ''deep arroyo.' =Eng. (1). The 

 Tewa informants knew no name for this arroyo, nor for anj' 

 ruins situated on it. 



Somewhere on the upper course of the Arroyo Hondo the 

 large "Government Irrigation Dam" is now in process of con- 

 struction. Arroyo Hondo seems to be identical with the '"Cienega 

 Creek" of Hewett;> see [29:21]. See also [29:18], [29:19], 

 and Arroyo Chamisos [29 :unlocatedJ. 

 [29:18] West ruin of Tauo Tewa "Kua-kaa or Kua-kay".^ The 

 writer has tried especiallj^ to have this name identified by the 

 Tewa. but without succ&ss. Bandolier gives no etvmology for it, 

 and was informed that the same Tano Tewa name was applied to 

 Eunj's^^oy^vikeji [29 : unlocated] .^ Some of the Tewa informants 

 say that the name is for Icwxlca 'oak leaf {hvse 'oak'; lea 'leaf'), 

 but they never heai'd of a place by that name. The final y of 

 Bandelier's alternative form may be for T* locative and adjec- 

 tive-forming postfix. That Kua-kaa was also applied to Kimfse^OTj- 

 wikejl [29: unlocated] is almost certainly erroneous. 



Bandelier says of this ruin and [29:19]: • 



Five miles south of the capital of New Mexico [29:5], on the southern bank 

 of a deep and broad gukh called Arroyo Hondo [29:17], stand two ruins, 

 called Kua-kaa or Kua-kay by the Tanos, . . . who affirm that their ancestors 

 built them. The larger [29:18] of the two has been figured on plate i, fig. 21 

 [of Bandelier's Pinal Report, pt. ii]; the smaller one [29:19] lies about a mile to 

 the east of it, at the upper end of a rocky gorge through which the Arroyo 

 Hondo has cut its deep bed. It is a so-called 'one-house' pueblo; the outer 

 perimeter of the well-defined mounds was 154 meters (505 feet); and it was 

 certainly two stories high. The larger pueblo was capal)le of lodging al)0ut 200 

 households, or TOO persons. The wa)ls were made of broken stones, and there 

 is much pottery, — black and white, red and black, black, red, white, and 

 orange; also, corrugated and indented ware; but no incised specimens. The 

 usual fragments of stone implements are found; also obsidian, flint, bones, and 

 some charred corn. The situation is a good one for observation and defense, 

 commanding a wide view down the arroyo [29:17], and to the west and south- 



1 Hewett, Antiquities, pi. xvii. 1006. 



3 Bandelier. Final Report, pt. ii. p. 90, 1892. 



•Ibid., p. 92. 



