494 ETHKOGEOGKAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [ktii. ANN. 29 



Cerillos were quite a resource for the Tanos, so far as aljori};iiial commerce 

 went.' 



The turquoise deposits of this locality are discussed in a min- 

 eralogical way by Waldemar Lindgren.- On page 1()4 of the work 

 here referred to is a map of the Cerillos [29:53], Ortiz [29:62], 

 and San Pedro [29:77] mining districts. On page 163 it is stated: 

 '"At the north end of the Cerillos Hills [29:54] is the Tiffany tur- 

 quoise mine which has produced considerable quantities of this 

 gem." The Indians paj' much attention to the purity of the tur- 

 quoise, but little to the color. The locality is responsible for 

 scime of the names of [29:54] and San Marcos Pueblo ruin 

 {KiinfcS^QywiJceji [29 :unlocated]), q. v. See also Turquoise, under 

 Minerals. 

 [29:56] Tsxlcuk'qndiive 'place where the white stone is dug' {Tsce 

 'whiteness' 'white'; ku 'stone'; li'oijf 'to dig'; ^hoe locative). 

 The informants believe that tsxTcu is the same as fscrgihu 'gyp- 

 sum' (see under Minerals), but are not sure. They say that 

 this place is called always Tsee^u-. 



Tewa and Keresan Indians visit this place, getting there white 

 stone, which is used for whitewashing the walls of pueblo houses. 

 The place is described as a gulch entering Galisteo Creek 1 29:34] 

 from the north, about half-way between Cerrillos [29:53] and 

 Domingo [29:60]. Mr. K. A. Fleischer has visited the place, 

 which he describes as follows: "The gypsum gulch is very steep 

 and deep. There are white and also red rocks along it. A longer 

 gulch enters the (Talisteo Creek [29:34] from the north a short 

 distance west of the gypsum gulch." Cf. [29:28]. 

 [29:57] (1) Eng. Rosario settlement. (<Span.). =Span. (2). 



(2) Span. Rosario 'rosary'. =Eng. (1). 



This settlement consists of a section-house and a couple of 

 other houses by the railroad on the north side of Galisteo Creek 

 [29:34]. Mr. Fleischer states that it is a short distance below 

 the gypsum gulch [29:56]. 



16H1. Diario de hi Eetirada, fol. 32. Interwcfiitanos de varins Indios de los Pueblos Alzados, 16S1, MS. 

 Ott^rmin, Ynifrrofjatorio de Preguntas, 1681, MS. AHo Drelaracion de rn Indio Piruri, 1683. MS. In 

 1626, Fray Ger(5nimo de Zdrate Salmeron wrote about the turquoises of New Mexico, Rdaciones de 

 todas las cosas que en el Nuevo Mexieo se han listo y mbido, MS., par. 34 : ' Y minas de Chalchiliuites 

 que los Yndios benetician desde .'ju gentilidad. que para ellos son Diamantes y piedras preciosas. De 

 todo esto se rien los Espafioles que alld est^n.' Tlie term ' minas', in older Spanish, is used to desig- 

 nate the localities where minerals are found, equivalent to the German ' Fundorte,' and not vorked 

 mines, in the English sense of the term, or tlie French. Tliis has caused a misunderstanding which 

 misled the majority of prospectors. Vetancurt, Crdnica, p. 286 : ' Hay minas de plata, de cobre, de 

 azabftche, de piedra imanA, y una de talco transpa rente & modo de yeso, que lo sacan como tablas, 

 y adornan las ventanas con ellas como si fueran de crist&l.* No mention is made of turquoises. 

 Benavides, Memorial, 1630. p. 44 : ' Toda esta gente [the Pueblos] . . . con gartrantillas y oregeras de 

 turquesas, que tienen minas dellas, y las labran, aunque imperfectameute.' — Bandelier, Final 

 Report, pt. n, p. 94, note, 1892. 



' Ibid., pp. 93-94 and notes. 



2 0rn Deposits of New Mexico, pp. 163-64, 166-67, 1910. 



