HARKIXGTOX] PLACE-NAMES 503 



Not a trace is left of the old pueblo [29:66], near the round mesa of Ta-nii-ta 

 [29:65]. The village, the fhurcli, and its convent have completely disappeared. 

 The floods of the Tunque [29:70], on the northern border of vfhich it stood, 

 have combined with those of the Rio Grande to obliterate every trace. Pot- 

 sherds may occasionally be picked up in the fields near by, or on the sandy 

 hillocks; l)ut I have not been fortunate enough to find any. Only tradition 

 and documentary information enable us to identify the place [29:66]. 



The same cannot be said of the village built on top of the mesa of Tyit-i 

 Tzat-ya [29:67], that rises abruptly above the San Felipe [29:69] of to-day. 

 Figure 23 of Plate i [of Bandelier's Final Report, pt. n] conveys an idea of 

 the size and arrangement of the ruin. The east side approaches the brink of 

 the mesa [29:67], which is ditticult of access. JThe church is of adobe, and 

 stands on the edge of the declivity in the northeastern corner. The cells of 

 the Indian dwellings, two rows deep, form the north, west, and south sides, 

 so that the pueblo forms three sides of a quadrangle, with an entrance in the 

 southwestern corner. The church measures 20.0 by 6.3 meters ( 65 by 20 feet ) ; 

 the houses have a total length of 217 meters (712 feet). It was therefore a 

 small pueblo, and the number of rooms (fifty-eight) shows that the popula- 

 tion cannot have been considerable. The walls are fairly well built of blocks 

 of lava and 0.45 m. (18 inches) thick, and most of the houses may have been 

 two stories high. When Diego de Vargas visited it in 1693, he found it 

 in good condition.' 



How long the Queres [Keresans] remained on the mesa [29:67] after that 

 date [1693], I have not ascertained. 



There is a tale current among the Indians of San Felipe of the flight of Fray 

 Alonzo Ximenez de Oisneros, missionary at Cochiti, from that village [C'ochiti], 

 in the night of the 4th of June, 1696, and his rescue by the San Felipe Indians. 

 The facts are true in regard to the flight of the priest and the kind treatment 

 extended to him by the people of Kat-isht-ya [29:68] on the mesa [29:67]; 

 but the same cannot be said of the siege, which the puel)lo is reported to 

 have withstood afterwards. The Cochiti Indians followed the Franciscan, 

 whom they intended to murder, for a short distance, but withdrew as soon as 

 they saw that he was beyond their reach. Then they abandoned their pueblo, 

 ahd retired to the mountains, — not to the Potrero Viejo [28:.56], but to the more 

 distant gorges and crests of the Valles range [The Western Mountains (Large 

 Features)]. The San Felipe pueblo was never directly threatened in 1696, 

 and consequently the story of the blockade, and of the suffering from lack of 

 water resulting from it, and the miraculous intervention of the rescued mis- 

 sionary, is without foundation.^ 



' " Autos dc Guerta de 1693, fol. 22: * Y los Yndios todos me salieron & rezeuir sin armas y las mujcres 

 A otro lado muy vien bestidas y todos cou sus cruzes en la garganta y tenian vna grando k la entrada del 

 pueblo y asimesmo en las casas y la plaza muy barrida, puestos muchos bancos y petates nueuos para 

 que me sentase y nos dieron a todos de comer con grande abundancia y hizierou demostracion de mucha 

 alegria.' I am unable to say when the church uow in ruins on the edge of the mesa was built, but it 

 was probably soon after 1694. There was a resident priest at San Felipe from 1094 until 11190, when Fray 

 Alonzo Ximenez de Cisneros fled from Cochiti on the 4th of June, ItiOO, and remained there until the fol- 

 lowing year. He was succeeded by Fray Diego de Chavarria, and from that time outhe list is uninter- 

 rupted down to the first half of this century. See the Lihru dt Enikrios de la Mision dc San Felipe, 1696 

 to 1708, MS."— B.iNDELiER. Final Report, pt. n. p. 191, note, 1S92. 



- " Father Cisneros was one of the priests who entered upon his mission among the pueblos in 169.5, but 

 soon discovered that they were bent upon another outbreak. He gave warning ot it by letter to the 

 Custodian in the beginning of 1096, Carta al Pailre Custodio Fray Francisco de Vargas, MS., and joined in 

 the petition of the latter to Diego de Vargas, Peticion del Custo y Definitorio at Gobtrnador Don Diego de 

 Vargas, MS. Vargas disregarded these well grounded cries of alarm, and Father Cisneros fled to San 

 Felipe and was well received there. The Indians of Cochiti left their village at once, and returned thither 

 only in the late fall of 1696. Autos de Guerra del Ano de 1690, ' Primer Cuaderno.' Escalante, i2(7ucion, 

 pp. 172 and 174."— Ibid., note, p. 192. 



