HAKRIXGTO-N"] 



PLACE-NAMES 509 



Although tliere may be other ruins yet in the valleys east of the Sandia 

 chain [29:83], I know of only one, that of the village of old San Pi'dro 

 ([29:77]'?), south of the mining camp ([29:77]?) of that name. This pueblo 

 is called by the Tanos " Pa-a-ko. 



The narrow valley of the Upper San Pedro [29:70] resembles somewhat that 

 of the Pecos [29:32], but the stream is not as large, and the scenery decidedly 

 grander. The forests descend into the bottom, and the peaks of the San Pedro 

 range [see [29:73] and [29:74]], covered with beautiful pines, rise at a short 

 distance in the ea.st. In the west, the slopes of the Sandia chain [29:83] sweep 

 upwards like an enormous slanting roof terminated by a long shaggy crest. 

 There is not much space for cultivation, yet enough for the inhabitants of a 

 good-sized pueblo. The ruins lie on the west bank, find almost at the edge of 

 the woods. They show considerable decay. The walls appear to have been 

 of rubble. Pottery and other objects similar to those of the other Tanos [Tano] 

 villages lie on the surface. 



It was a village of the more compact type, which may be due to the nature 

 of the ground on which it was built and to the lack of space. The mounds 

 are lugh enough to admit the supposition that the buildings were over two 

 Btories in height, at least in some places. Three circular estufas are plainly 

 visible, and three enclosures like those noticed at San Cristobal [29:45] and San 

 Lazaro [29:52]. These enclosures were without doubt made for the purpose of 

 confining tlocks, and if they are coeval with the pueblo, and not subsequent 

 additions, Paako belongs to the category of historic pueblos. But I was unable 

 to investigate, while in that vicinity, whether shepherds may not have reared 

 these stone enclosures in modern times. When, on the 12th of October, 1598, 

 Juan de Oiiate received the submission of the Pueblos lying along the western 

 border of the Salines of the Manzano [29:110], Paako is mentioned as being 

 among them.' 



This [the fact that Onate mentions Paako] is significant, though not conclusive. 

 In 1626 Fray (Tevonimo de Zarate-Salmeron, in speaking of the murder of Fray 

 Juan <le Santa Maria in 1581, at some place east of the Sierra de Sandia [29:83] 

 and three days' journey south of Galisteo [29:39], attributes the deed to 'the 

 Tigua [Tiwa] Indians of the pueblo that now is called San Pablo'.- Ztlrate's 

 commentator, the Jesuit Jo.s6 Amando Niel, changes that name into 'San 

 Pedro '.^ I infer, therefore, that there was an inhabited pueblo near the place 

 where Fray Santa Maria perished, which place must have been in the vicinity 

 of the 'old' San Pedro of to-day. ■* Niel may have been right in changing the 

 name, or the copyist of Zarate's manuscript may have made a mistake.' 



1 "Obcdicncia y Vasallajc <i su Magestnd pnr los Indios del Pueblo dc Acolocu, October 12, 1598 (Doc. do 

 Indias, vol. x\i, p. 118). Four villases are mentioned: Paako, Cnzaya. Juni'*tre, and Acolocu. If the 

 first was the one at San Pedro [29: 77), the other three may have been the Tigua [Tiwa] pueblos ' Cuar- 

 ay' [29; unlocated], 'Ta-ji-que' [29:105], and 'Chil-i-li' [29: unlocated]."— Bandeliee, Final Keport, 

 pt. n,p. 113, 1S92. 



= " Rclachnes de todas las enstis que en d Nuevo Mexico se Uan visto y siibido. 102(;, M.S., par. 7: ' Y salic'i 

 detras de la Sierra de Puaray [29: 83], para atravesas por las Salinas [29: 110], y de alii cortar derecho al 

 paso del rio del Norte, 100 leguas mas aci del Nuevo Mi5xico; mAs no Uegd a colmo su buen intento. 

 Por que al tercero dia que se despidid de sus companeros hermanos Uegando a sestear debajo de un 

 Arbol, los Indios Tiguas [Tiwa] del pueblo que ahora se llama Sn Pablo lo mataron, y quemaron sus 

 huesos'." — Ibid. 



a •'Apnimmk-ntos que sob'e el terreno liizo. etc., written in 1729 (MS.). Niel is very unreliable in every- 

 thing touching upon New Mexico, but he knew Sonora, part of Chihu:ihua. and California."— Ibid. 



<" Three days' journey south of Galisteo [39:30] brought the monk, traveling on foot, to San Pedro 

 [29:77], or between San Pedro and Chilili [29: unlocated]. "—Ibid. 



•' "\n error in copying is quite likely. The copy of Zarate's MS. in Mexico contains glaring blunders 

 of that sort. For instance, ' el Capitan Nemorcete', instead of ' De Morlete,' &ca."— Ibid. 



