510 ETHNOGEOGRAPHY OF THE TEWA INDIANS [ktii. ann. 29 



The earlier testimony indicates tliat the ruin jnst described and called by the 

 Tanoa Paako is that of a village inhabited at least as late as 1626, which assump- 

 ti<jn is not negatived by the presence of the stone enclosures in question. 



The documents referred to above make of Paako a village of the Tiguas 

 [Tiwa]. My Tanos [Tano] informant at Santo Domingo [28:109] declared 

 that it was a Tanos [Tano] pueblo. Which is right? It is a case similar to 

 that of San Marcos llKimj>x'Qr)wikeji. [29:unlocated]] and Cienega [29:1.'2]. 

 Paako lies at the extreme southern limits of the Tanos [Tano] range, and its 

 position in relation to the Tigua settlements of Chil-i-li [29:unl()cated] and 

 Ta-ji-i|ue [29:10.5] is analogous to that of the pueblos of San Marcos, Cienega 

 and Bajada [29:29] in reference to the Queres [Keresan] towns of Santo Do- 

 mingo [28:105] and Cochiti [28:77]. I incline, however, to the belief that it 

 belonged to the Tanos. A high ridge, densely wooded, the Sierra de Carnue, 

 separated it from the nearest Tigua [Tiwa] pueblo in the south, Chilili [29: 

 unlocated]. The distance in a straight line is at least 2.3 miles, along day's 

 journey, owing to the intervening mountains. From San Pedro [29:77] to the 

 nearest Tanos [Tano] villages in the north, at Golden [25:7.5], was only a few 

 hours' travel.' 



I believe, therefore, that my Tanos informant is right, and that Paako was a 

 settlement of his own people, which was abandoned for reasons as yet un- 

 known at some time between 1626 and the great uprising in 1680. That it 

 was no longer occupied in that year seems certain.^ 



There is another ruin, smaller and more compact, a few hundred meters 

 south of the one described; and on the ojiposite [north?] bank of the San Pedro 

 [29:70] there are also traces of buildings, but I had not time to examine 

 either. With the notice above given of the principal ruin of San Pedro, my 

 sketch of the Tanos [Tano] country and its antiquities must terminate, 

 although it is incomplete.^ 



See [29:77]. 

 [29:80] (1) Eng. Tejon Arroyo. (<Span.). =Span. (2). 



(2) Span. Arroyo Tejon, Arroyo del Tejon 'Tejon Arroj^o', 

 referring to Tejon settlement [29:81]. "Arroyo del Tejon."'' 

 This is a tributary of [29:70]. 



The former fields of the pueblo [29:82] can be traced along the Arroyo del 

 Tejon, and along the dry Arroyo de la Yuta [29:unlocated], in places at a 

 distanceof two and three miles from the ruins [29:82]. Little watchhouses of 

 which only the foundations are visible indicate their location . . . The 

 Arroyo del Tejon has ])ermanent water as far as these structures are found. 

 I have not noticed any trace of ancient acequias [ditches] ; but there is no impos- 

 sibility that such existed, and that the Tanos of Tunque [29:82] cultivated by 

 irrigation. Along the Arroyo de la Yuta [29:unlocated] the banks are too 

 steep and the water flows ten to fifteen feet below the surrounding levels.'^ 



' " The proximity of a pueblo of one stock to one of another linguistic group, and its greater distance 

 from the nearest l;indred village, however, is not impossible. Cia [29:94], a yueres [Keresan] village, is 

 only 5 miles from Jemez [27:33] while a greater distance separates it from Santa Ana [29:95], another 

 Queres [Keresan] village. Sandia [39:100], a Tigua [Tiwa] pueblo, lies only 13 miles from San Felipe 

 [29:09]. while at least 30 miles separates it from the nearest Tigua [Tiwa] town, Isleta [29: 101]. But in 

 ancient times, when the stocks were more on the defensive towards each other, such cases hardly ever 

 occurred, .\coraa [39;11S], however, is one, being nearer to the Zunis than to its own people at Cia 

 [29:94]: Imt ,\coma was impregnable to Indians." — Bandelier, Final Report, pt. n, p. 114, 1S92. 



" " It was abandoned even previous to 1670. In that year began the emigration of the Piros and Tig- 

 uas [Tiwa] from the Salines |29: 110]: and Paako is not mentioned among the villages that were aban- 

 doned after that date."— Ibid., pp. 114-15. 



3 Ibid., pp. 112-15. 



< Ibid., p. in. 



'Ibid., pp. 110-11. 



