HAKUKN-GTON] PLACE-NAMES 513 



are too steep and the water flowa 10 to 15 feet below the surrounding 

 levels. But the soil is fertile, and at the present day the people of Tejon 

 [29:81] raise good crops with the aid of summer rains alone. For agricultural 

 purposes the situation of Tung-ge was well chosen. Wood was not far off, and 

 water always at hand, and from a military standpoint the location was not 

 bad. The hijjhest parts of the pueblo commanded a fair range of view in 

 almost every direction. 



I have been unable to find any notice of the pueblo of Tung-ge or Tunque 

 in the older documents. It is mentioned in a petitiou of the year 1770 as an 

 'ancient pueblo'.' I doubt, therefore, if it was occupied at the time when the 

 Spaniards first came.^ 



See [29:70], [29:>.U], [29:S1], and Arroyo de la Yuta [29:uii- 

 located]. 

 [29:83] (1) ^Ohupijjf,' turtle mountain' (^uka 'turtle" of any species; 

 piyf ' mountain '). " Sandia Mountain, Oku, the ' Sacred Turtle ' 

 of Tewa mythology.'' ^ Why the name "turtle" is applied to the 

 mountain was not known to the San Ildefonso informant whom 

 the writer questioned on that point. 



(2) ''AkqmpijeHmpiijf 'mountain of the south' {^a'kom'pije 

 'south' <\tTcqijf ' plain ', j!>//6' ' toward ' ; 'iyy locativ^e and adjec- 

 tive-forming postfix; pirjf 'mountain'). This is the cardinal 

 mountain of the south of Tewa; hence this name. See Cardinal 

 Mountains, page 44. 



(3) Sqndija^impi-rjf ' Sandia Mountain ' {Sqiidija, see Span. (10), 

 below, and also Sandia Pueblo [29:100]; Hyj' locative and adjec- 

 tive-forming postfix; piijj' 'mountain"). Cf. Eng. (8), Span. (10). 

 This name is very much used b}- the Tewa. Old Vivia;. Montoja 

 of San Juan Pueblo appeared to call the mountain regularly thus, 

 and to be unfamiliar with the name ' (Jkupiyf. 



(4) Picuris '"Kepitti.""* The "Kepi" is evidently' the same as 

 Cochiti (6), Zufli (7), below; " — ta" is doubtless for the Picuris 

 equivalent of Taos t'a 'down at'. Cf. Cochiti (6), Zufii (7). , 



(5) Jemez Kiatdwe, of obscure etymologj-. This is the old 

 Jemez name of the mountain furnished me by Pablo Toya and at 

 present said to be known to but fe^v of the Jemez, who call the 

 mountain by its Span. name. 



(6) Cochiti Tsepe, of obscure etymology. =Zuiii (7). Cf. 

 Picuris (4). 



(7) Zuni "tsi'pija," of obscure etymology. "Chi'pia.'"^ 

 = Cochiti (6). Cf . Picuris (4). 



1 "The Petkion of the authorities of Santo Domingo [38:109] and San Felipe [29: G9] jointly for a tract 

 of land bounded in the east, ' por el oriente con un pueblo antiguo Uainado el Pueblo de Tunque', MS., 

 September 20, 1770."— Bandeuek, Final Report, pt. n, p. 112, 1892. 



nbid., pp. 109-12. 



^Hewett, Archseology of the Rio Grande Valley, in Papers School Anur. Archxol., No. 4, p. 9, 1909. 



<Spinden, Picuris notes, 1910. 



'Mrs. M. C. Stevenson, The Zufii Indians, TwentiJ-lhird Rep. Bur. Amer. Elhn., p. 407, 1904. 



87584°— 29 eth— 16 33 



