OKPKi; II. QrADIiUMANA. 7 



4. Subdivision. Lagotlirix. Gastrimargus. 



5. " Cehus. 

 11. Division. Sakis. 



1. Subdivision, llracliiurus. 



2. " Callitiu-ix. 



3. " Noethorus. 



Although tlie monkeys * resemble man, in their organization and appear- 

 ance, more nearly than any other animals, they are farther removed from 

 him in all the higher qualities of docility, aftt'ction, amiability, and intelli- 

 gence than many orders that bear no physical resemblance to man at all. 

 The dog, the horse, and elephant far surpass them in intelligence, as they 

 certainly do in the capacity for improvement and general good conduct. 



The peculiar conformation of these animals which enables them so readily 

 to imitate man in many things, gives them an cq)pearance of intellectual 

 superiority which cannot fairly be attributed to them. Yet the numerous 

 anecdotes recorded of them — too well authenticated to be douJHed — com- 

 pel us to believe that they often act under the influence of a higher power 

 than that of instinct. They frequently perform actions which must be the 

 residt of retlection, and which sometimes, indeed, seem to be the practical 

 sequence of a series of reasonings. An anecdote is related by i\Ir. Cojis 

 of a young red ourang, which he exhibited in Edinburgh a few years since, 

 that strikingly illustrates the reasoning powers of the monkey tribes. 



" jNIr. Cops one day gave the oui-ang the half of an orange, a fruit of 

 which he was passionately fond, and laid the other half aside upon the 

 upper shelf of a press out of his reach and sight. Some time after, Mr. 

 Cops, reclining upon a sofa with his eyes closed, the ourang liegan to 

 prowl about the room, and showed that, notwithstanding his apparent 

 inattention, the position of his favorite orange had been narrowly watched. 

 Anxious to see the result, he continued cjuiet, and feigned sleep. Jocko 

 cautiously approached the sofa to ascertain, as far as he could, that his guar- 

 dian was truly asleep, and, mounting quietly and expeditiously, finished the 

 remaining half of the orange, carefully concealed the peel in the grate 

 among some paper and shavings, and, having again examined Mr. Cops, 

 and seeing nothing doubtful in the reality of his sleep, retired confidently 

 to his own couch." 



Here is unquestionably the manifestation of a rational consideration — a 

 series of mental processes leading to a distinct act. But other orders of 

 animals exhibit powers of reasoning quite as extraordinary. Their imita- 

 tive faculties seem to be unlimited. Everything they see man do they 



* The word monkey is a ourruptiou oi maiiikiii, i. e., little man. 



