OKDEU V. THE CARXIVORA. G3 



East. In llic rcsoarclics made with a view to trace their oriu;in, a great 

 nunihcr of antique sculptures, statues, bass-reliefs, and intaglios were con- 

 sulted, as well as the illuminated manuscripts in public and pri\ate libraries, 

 of a considerable part of Kurope ; several collections of ancient seals, 

 numerous drawings of monumental effigies, and of stained glass, and the 

 result proved, that, with the exce[)tion of one ]']gyptian instance, no scul[(- 

 ture of the earlier (ireeian era produced representation-! of hounds with 

 completely drooping ears ; those with them half pendulous are missing in 

 the most ancient ; and this eliaracter increases by degrees in the works of 

 the liomau period. There is in the A'atican collection oidy one statue of a 

 genuine Mastiff; and representations of a kind of Hound, with a small 

 ear, partially turned downwards, occur in a statue of ]\Ieleager, and in 

 other instances ; but, wc think, in none so early as the Pei'iclean age. ( )f 

 those tif Ini[)crial liomc, one also represents the Tuscan Dog ; the others 

 are British, Sjianish, or a Gallic Hound, not noticed hy Pliny. Strabo 

 first describes, we think, the British Bulldog; remarking the pendulous 

 ears, frowning aspect, and relaxed lips. And ^Llian, Diodorus, and 

 Columella mention dogs with procumbent and dejected ears. Notices of 

 these characters, in writers of so late a jieriod, indicate an absence of the 

 same characters in the indigenous races of classic ground, and their novelty, 

 at the time these authors were writing. The scid^itures of Takhti Boustan, 

 in Persia, attest, as far as they go, similarly a want of the drooping ears in 

 dogs ; and the Indiaii carvings, paintings, and manuscripts are equally 

 destitute of Hounds and JNIastitfs, excepting in the decorations of the P>uddha 

 temples of Ceylon, where an incarnation of the god ]\Iattalce, in the form 

 of a fierce dog, occurs ; and another, where Jutaka is attacked by a hunter 

 with his dog. In l)oth rejircsentations the animals resemble a Lycaou 

 (Canis j)ictus, or a Hyena crocuta), in the distribution of colors and spots 

 only ; the Hunter's Dog is smaller, with the ears pointed ; and the incarnate 

 god is larger, and has them rounded, though erect. In the middle ages, 

 the northern invaders of the Ivoman cmjiire brought with tiiem their own 

 fierce races of rugged and huge Coursing and Cattle-dogs, whose descend- 

 ants may still be traced in liussia, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, and even 

 America. From the time of the Goths, Hounds, before not conunon, seem 

 to disapi)ear altogether for some ages. The bronze animal of the time of 

 Charlemagne, at Aix-la-Chapelle, is not clearly a dog. The oldest, there- 

 fi)re, we lia\e found, is the embellishment of a seal, where two dogs, with 

 dropped ears, we take to be Brachct Hounds, are figured beneath a hm-se- 

 man blowing a horn. It is the image of Errard of Orange, aliout the year 

 1174, the family arms of that house being originally a hunting-horn. The 

 next is on the seal of Alberic de \'cre, 1214 ; and the third, a stained glass 

 NO. ir. 9 



