ORDER VII. rACIIYDERMATA. 287 



serious injuiy to the plantations of coffee and pepper wliich arc laid out in 

 the fertile districts which it selects for its retreat. 



11. /Stanatranus. This is a hog-shapcd animal, of a dull brown color, 

 with small, jiointed ears, lined and edged with short, black hairs. But the dis- 

 tinguishing feature of the species is two black horns, the larger of which is 

 jdaced inuncdiatcly above the nose, pointing upwards, and bent a little back, 

 being about nine inches in length. The smaller is about four inches long, 

 of a pyramidal shape, flattened a little, and placed above the eyes, standing 

 in a line with the upper horn immediately above it. 



li. Aj'riruuns. This sjieeics is a native of Africa, and formerly abounded 

 in the vicinity of the Cape Colony. It resembles the animal just described 

 in its hog-like shape, and the possession of two horns. In South Africa the 

 flesh of this animal is much esteemed as food, and is said to be excellent, 

 resembling beef. The tongue is considered the most delicate jiart. ^Mien 

 one is killed, the neighbors all Hock around it, and encamp by its side, until 

 they ha^•e consumed it entirely, being scarcely so provident as to dry any 

 {lart of tiie Hesli for future use. 



It. tSiinuf. — The Flat-nosed Ilhinocoros. This species is also armed 

 with two horns, but is distinguished from the former by its flattened nose and 

 mouth, and larger size. jNI. Burchcll says, "In my travels in Southern 

 Africa, I met with this animal for tiie first time near latitude 2G°. They 

 frequent the fountains and streams every day, not only for drink, but also for 

 the purpose of I'olling in the mud, which, by adliering to a skin entirely free 

 from hairs, serves to protect thcni fixmi the scorching heat of the climate." 



Genus IIyuax. At first view it would seem that this small group of 

 diminutive animals would be more appropriately placed almost anywhere 

 than among the large and powerfid l*achydermes, approaching as they do 

 very nearly the form of the Ilodentia, and resembling a small hare. Their 

 habits, too, arc quite different from the other pachydermes ; for, unlike the 

 elephant, rhinoceros, swine, and tapir, they avoid the morass and sluggish 

 stream, and make their home among the rocks and in dry retreats. Yet, 

 notwithstanding this wide difTercnce, they possess characters that necessarily 

 place them in this order, which are particularly seen iu the structure of the 

 head. Besides, the number of toes in the hyrax is four before, and four be- 

 hind, as in the tapir. They are united by the skin to the very nail, as in the 

 elephant and rhinoceros, and represent those of the former animal, both in 

 their figure and in the manner they are placed upon the foot, while the wrist 

 joint very closely i-esembles that of the tapirs. 



II. Sijrianus. — The Syrian Hyrax. This curious animal is about eleven 

 inches iu length. The upper parts of the body are brownish-gray, the lower 

 parts white. It is found iu Ethiopia, Al>yssinia, Arabia, and al)ounds in 



